The Anatomy and Physiology of the Cardiovascular System ATI Exam Questions & Answers.

The Anatomy and Physiology of the The cardiovascular, or c irculatory system is responsible for the movement of blood and - Correct ANS: lymph around the body, which permits nutrient distribution, waste removal, communication, and protection. The cardiovascular system is made of four main components: - Correct ANS: the heart, blood vessels, blood, and lymphatic system. The heart is a large muscular organ comprised of cardiac tissue called myocardium - Correct ANS: and is surrounded by a sac called the pericardium it contains four chambers divided by a median septum, The two superior atria are the - Correct ANS: receiving chambers and the two inferior ventricles are pumping chambers. the atria and ventricle are separated by the atrioventricular valves. the right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood from the heart toward the lungs and i s called the pulmonary system. The Anatomy and Physiology of the The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the - Correct ANS: lungs and pumps it toward the rest of the body parts and is known as the systemic system. Arteries are the vessels that carry - Correct ANS: blood away from the heart. They have a thick layer of smooth muscle in their walls to withstand the presure of the forceful heartbeat. the larger arteries branch into increasingly smaller arterioles, which eventually connect to a bed of capillaries. Capillaries are - Correct ANS: microscopic blood vessels that's walls are only one cell thick. exchange of gases and nutrients occurs between the alveoli of lungs and the capillary beds of the cardiovascular system. Veins carry blood - Correct ANS: from body parts toward the heart. they are connected to the capillary beds via smaller branches called venules. Veins and venules have thinner walls because they are - Correct ANS: farther from the force of the heartbeat and so experien ce less pressure