ASVAB Math terms ASVAB Math Formulas
base
a number raised to an exponent. for example the base of 4³ is 4
reciprocal
• the reciprocal of 2 is 1/2
• the reciprocal of x is 1/x
• the reciprocal of 3/5 is 5/3.
Every number has a reciprocal except 0
sum
the result of adding 2 or more numbers
difference
The result of subtracting one number from another.
product
The answer when two or more numbers are multiplied together.
quotient
The answer to a division problem.
order of operations
PEMDAS lists the operations in order
P• parentheses E• exponents
,MD• multiplication and division from left to right
AS•addition and subtraction from left to right
how to divide by a fraction
One way to remember is the Keep, Change, Flip memory tool
4 ÷ 2/3 = 4 x 3/2
KEEP the four, CHANGE the division sign to multiplication, FLIP the fraction
to change a fraction into a decimal
divide the numerator by the denominator
to change a decimal into a percent
move the decimal point two spaces to the right (add zeroes if needed) and add a percent sign
example: .271 = 27.1%, 0.6 = 60%
to change a percent to a decimal
drop the percent sign and move the decimal point two places to the left, adding zeros as
needed. example: 8.7% = .087
how do you figure out your gas mileage (miles/gallon)
by dividing the number of miles traveled by the gallons of gas used
ratio
shows a relationship between two things, if Margaret invested in her beauty parlor at a 2:1 ratio
to her partner Julie, then Margaret put in $2 for every $1 that Julie put in
express 5% interest rate as a decimal
express 50% interest rate as a decimal
5 % = .05
50% = .50
simple interest formula
principle ($$ invested) × interest rate × time
irrational numbers
numbers that can't be written as a fraction Examples: π , √3, √11
√ of a number means ?
√144 = ?
, √ means square root
√144 = is always 12 and can include -12 if not dealing with distance, time or other amount that
must always be positive
the cube root of 27?
the cube root of 27 is 3 because 3×3×3=27
a circle has ___ degrees
a semicircle has ___ degrees
360°
180°
a quadrilateral
a shape with four sides. All the angles will add up to 360°
a straight line is ___°
180°
a right angle is exactly ___°
90°
an acute angle is more than ___° but less than ___°
more than 0°, less than 90°
an obtuse angle is more than ___° but less than ___°
more than 90° and less than 180°
complementary angles are
two angles that equal 90° when added together
supplementary angles are
two angles that equal 180° when added together
base
a number raised to an exponent. for example the base of 4³ is 4
reciprocal
• the reciprocal of 2 is 1/2
• the reciprocal of x is 1/x
• the reciprocal of 3/5 is 5/3.
Every number has a reciprocal except 0
sum
the result of adding 2 or more numbers
difference
The result of subtracting one number from another.
product
The answer when two or more numbers are multiplied together.
quotient
The answer to a division problem.
order of operations
PEMDAS lists the operations in order
P• parentheses E• exponents
,MD• multiplication and division from left to right
AS•addition and subtraction from left to right
how to divide by a fraction
One way to remember is the Keep, Change, Flip memory tool
4 ÷ 2/3 = 4 x 3/2
KEEP the four, CHANGE the division sign to multiplication, FLIP the fraction
to change a fraction into a decimal
divide the numerator by the denominator
to change a decimal into a percent
move the decimal point two spaces to the right (add zeroes if needed) and add a percent sign
example: .271 = 27.1%, 0.6 = 60%
to change a percent to a decimal
drop the percent sign and move the decimal point two places to the left, adding zeros as
needed. example: 8.7% = .087
how do you figure out your gas mileage (miles/gallon)
by dividing the number of miles traveled by the gallons of gas used
ratio
shows a relationship between two things, if Margaret invested in her beauty parlor at a 2:1 ratio
to her partner Julie, then Margaret put in $2 for every $1 that Julie put in
express 5% interest rate as a decimal
express 50% interest rate as a decimal
5 % = .05
50% = .50
simple interest formula
principle ($$ invested) × interest rate × time
irrational numbers
numbers that can't be written as a fraction Examples: π , √3, √11
√ of a number means ?
√144 = ?
, √ means square root
√144 = is always 12 and can include -12 if not dealing with distance, time or other amount that
must always be positive
the cube root of 27?
the cube root of 27 is 3 because 3×3×3=27
a circle has ___ degrees
a semicircle has ___ degrees
360°
180°
a quadrilateral
a shape with four sides. All the angles will add up to 360°
a straight line is ___°
180°
a right angle is exactly ___°
90°
an acute angle is more than ___° but less than ___°
more than 0°, less than 90°
an obtuse angle is more than ___° but less than ___°
more than 90° and less than 180°
complementary angles are
two angles that equal 90° when added together
supplementary angles are
two angles that equal 180° when added together
