Ear, Eye, & Skin Practice Questions Chapters-- 46, 47, 48, 24, 25 with complete solutions 2023.

Ear, Eye, & Skin Practice Questions Chapters-- 46, 47, 48, 24, 25 with complete solutions 2023. A patient's intraocular pressure (IOP) has increased. Which fluids in the eye does this affect? (Select all that apply) a. Blood b. Vitreous humor c. Lacrimal tears d. Aqueous humor e. Intracellular fluid f. Lymph fluid - correct answers.b, d If the superior rectus muscle is damaged or not functioning properly, the patient would have difficulty with which eye movement? a. Looking upwards b. Looking downwards c. Gazing towards the nose d. Gazing towards the side of the head - correct answers.a The nurse asks the patient to open and close his eyelids. Which cranial nerve is the nurse assessing? a. Cranial nerve II (optic) b. Cranial nerve III (oculomotor) c. Cranial nerve V (trigeminal) d. Cranial nerve VII (facial) - correct answers.d One of the expected changes of the eyes associated with aging is the decreased ability of iris to dilate. How will this affect the patient's eyes or vision? a. Difficulty with tear production resulting in dry eyes b. Decreased ability to see objects that are close c. Difficult distinguishing blues, greens, or violets d. Increased difficulty seeing in dark environments - correct answers.d A 29-yr-old patient tells the nurse that he spends a great deal of time in the sun. In preparing a teaching plan for the patient, what information about protecting vision does the nurse include? (Select all that apply) a. Wear sunglasses to filter UV light b. UV light exposure increases the risk for cataracts c. UV light exposure increases the risk for ocular melanoma d. UV light exposure is only a concern with direct sunlight e. Foods high in vitamin A will protect against UV damage - correct answers.a, b, c A 45-yr-old patient has diabetes mellitus. Which information about vision protection does the nurse include in the teaching plan? a. Diabetes have an increased incidence of ocular melanoma b. Fluctuating blood glucose levels are undesirable, but do not cause vision problems. c. Use over-the-counter eyedrops every day to flush potential infective organisms d. Annual eye examinations are recommended for patients with diabetes mellitus - correct answers.d The nurse reads in the patient's chart that he has anisocoria. Which assessment of the eye will reveal this variation that is considered normal in 5% of the population? a. corneal assessment b. scleral assessment c. pupillary assessment d. eye movement assessment - correct answers.c A patient reports not being able to see objects in his peripheral vision. Which method is used to evaluate this symptom? a. Jaeger card b. six cardinal positions of gaze c. confrontation test d. corneal light reflex test - correct answers.c A patient who works in a machine shop has a suspected metal foreign body in the eye. Which test is contraindicated for this patient? a. corneal staining b. Computed tomography (CT) scan c. MRI d. Ultrasound - correct answers.c The nurse desires to assess the patient for color blindness. Which assessment tool will the nurse use? a. Ishihara chart b. Confrontation test c. Snellen chart d. Rosenberg Pocket Vision Screener - correct answers.a The nurse reads in the patient's chart that the patient's visual acuity is 20/40. What is the correct interpretation of this documentation? a. Patient has 50% of the ideal 20/20 visual acuity b. Patient stood 40 feet from the chart rather than 20 feet from the chart c. Patient sees at 20 feet from the chart what a healthy eye sees at 40 feet d. Patient stood 20 feet from the chart and sees 40% of the letters - correct answers.c When preparing the patient for a fluorescein angiography, what is included in the nurse's teaching plan? (Select all that apply) a. Intravenous access will be necessary b. Sunlight must be avoided for 2 days c. Fluids are limited for the first 24 hours after the procedure d. The skin may have yellow hue for a few hours after the procedure e. Mydriatic drops will be instilled 1 hour before the procedure - correct answers.a, d, e Which are correct procedures for instilling ophthalmic drops in a patient's eyes? (Select all that apply) a. check the name, strength, and expiration date of the solution b. have the patient tilt the head backward and look down c. Release drops into the conjunctival pocket d. Avoid contaminating the tip of the bottle e. After instilling the drop, instruct to squeeze the eyelids tightly - correct answers.a, c, d Which method is used to measure IOP? a. Corneal staining b. Tonometry c. Slit lamp examination d. Electroretinography - correct answers.b What is a correct part of the procedure for using an ophthalmoscope? a. The nurse comes toward the patient's eye from 6 inches away b. The test should be done in a brightly lit room to enhance visibility c. When examining confused patients, an assistant can steady the patient d. The nurse stands on the same side as the eye being examined - correct answers.d A patient is diagnosed with arcus senilis. Which intervention will nurse use in caring for this patient? a. Assist the patient in activities that require near vision b. Teach the patient how to instill the prescribed eyedrops c. Reassure the patient that the vision is not affected d. Instruct that consistent use of sunglasses prevents worsening - correct answers.c Which assessment findings of the eye are normal? (Select all that apply) a. Presbyopia in a 45 yr-old-woman b. Ptosis of the eyelids c. Yellow sclera with small pigmented dots in a dark skinned person d. Pupil constriction in reponse to accomodation e. Pupil constriction within 2 seconds in response to light f. Nystagmus in the far lateral gaze - correct answers.a, c, d, f Why might the health care provider order CT to examine the eye? a. To validate the function of extraocular muscles b. To verify IOP c. To determine the degree of peripheral vision d. To detect an ocular tumor in the orbital space - correct answers.d The patient has an IOP greater than 21 mm Hg. The patient's use of which over-the-counter product should be brought to the immediate attention of the ophthalmologist? a. Aspirin b. Antihistamine c. Vitamin supplement d. Artificial tear eyedrops - correct answers.b What is the pathophysiology that underlies the development of glaucoma? a. Pressure on retinal vessels decreases blood flow so photoreceptors and nerve fibers become hypoxic b. Decreased muscle tone reduces ability to keep the gaze focused on a single object c. Cornea flattens and the surface becomes irregular with worsening of astigmatism and blurred vision d. The lens hardens, shrinks, and loses elasticity and cataracts begin to form - correct answers.a Which medication can adversely affect the eyes and vision? (Select all that apply) a. Heparin b. Decongestants c. Oral contraceptives d. Acetaminophen e. Corticosteroids - correct answers.b, c, e Which conditions or disease can adversely affect a patient's eyes and vision? a. Pregnancy b. Inflammatory bowel disease c. Diabetes d. Hypertension e. Osteoarthritis - correct answers.a, c, d Which activity is most likely to be very difficult for the patient if the visual function of accommodation is not working correctly? a. Reading a newspaper b. Playing tennis c. Watching a sunset d. Walking in a dark hallway - correct answers.b Which intervention would be best to use for a patient with presbyopia? a. Encouragement to get a prescription for reading glasses b. Administration of the prescribed eye medications c. Reminder to wear sunglasses to protective against UV light d. Follow-up appointments to detect acute glaucoma - correct answers.a Which patient is advised to have yearly eye examinations because of the increased risk for cataracts? a. 5-yr-old who was treated for an episode of conjunctivitis b. 10-yr-old who was struck in the face by a basketball c. 55-yr-old with no history of eye problems or vision changes d. 25-yr-old who is pregnant with her first child - correct answers.c A neighbor calls the nurse for advice, because he thinks he may have got some metal shavings in his eye while working on a home improvement project. What advice should the nurse give? a. Rinse the eye with water and then don protective eye wear b. Immediately notify the health care provider or ophthalmologist c. mention the incident during the annual eye examination d. Resting the eye is sufficient unless there is pain or loss of vision - correct answers.b Which food would be particularly good for eye health? a. Whole-grain cereal b. Low-fat milk c. Raw almonds d. Fresh tomatoes - correct answers.d Although the older patient denies any problems with his vision, the nurse frequently observes that he closes one eye when trying to look at his meal tray or personal items on the bedside table. What does the nurse suspect? a. Patient has arcus senilis b. Patient has double vision c. Patient has dry eye syndrome d. Patient has a small cataract - correct answers.b Which method would the nurse use to perform a corneal assessment? a. Inspect the corneas to determine if they equal distance from the nose b. Quickly and unexpectedly bring a hand towards the patient's cornea c. Use a penlight and direct the light on the cornea from the side d. Ask the patient to open and close eyelids and observe the cornea - correct answers.c The nurse reads PERRLA in the patient's chart as noted by the nurse who worked the previous shift. What does the nurse do in order to determine if the patient still displays PERRLA or if the patient's status has changed? a. Assess for presence, relief, or reduction of pain b. Checks pulse, respiratory rate, and lung auscultation c. Assesses the size, shape, and reactivity of pupils d. checks for signs of presbyopia or retinal detachment - correct answers.c The nurse is assessing a patient who is unable to see the 20/400 characters on the Snellen chart. Which assessment will the nurse try first? a. Ask the patient to detect stationary, left-right, or up-down hand movements b. Ask the patient to count the number of fingers held up in front of the eyes c. Ask the patient to report "on" or "off" when detecting light in a darkened room d. Ask the patient to self-select a distance from Snellen chart where 20/400 is visible - correct answers.b The home health nurse is interviewing a patient and discovers that there may be a previously undiagnosed vision problem. The nurse does not have a Jaegar card available at the patient's house to assess the suspected problem. What could the nurse use as a temporary substitute to assess the suspected problem? a. Flashlight b. Ophthalmoscope c. Snellen chart d. Newspaper - correct answers.d In assessing the corneal light reflex of the older patient's eye, the nurse notes an asymmetric reflex. What is the clinical significance of this assessment finding? a. This is a normal finding for an older adult b. Eye is deviating because of possible muscle weakness c. The reflex is asymmetrical because of a cataract