ATI Nutrition Practice 2019 Exam B V1 Questions and Verified Answers with Rationales 100% Correct (60 Q&A)

QUESTION A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed captopril. The nurse should recognize that which of the following foods could cause a potential medication interaction? A. Watermelon B. Cantaloupe C. Lettuce D. Carrotsn Answer: B. Cantaloupe Explanation: A. Watermelon does not create a potential food and medication interaction for the client because it is not high in potassium. One cup of watermelon contains 170 mg potassium. B. ACE inhibitors, such as captopril, retain potassium and can lead to hyperkalemia. The nurse should recognize that cantaloupe is a food source high in potassium as one cup contains 473 mg. The client should avoid cantaloupe as well as other foods that are high in potassium while taking an ACE inhibitor. C. Lettuce does not create a potential food and medication interaction for the client because it is not high in potassium. One cup of shredded green leaf lettuce contains 70 mg of potassium. D. Carrots are high in beta-carotene and do not create a potential food and medication interaction for the client. One cup of carrot slices contains 390 mg of potassium. QUESTION A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to a client who reports wanting to lose weight. The nurse should identify that which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will taste my foods while I am cooking." B. "I will exclude breads and pastries from my diet." C. "I will make a list before I go grocery shopping." D. "I will skip lunch if I am too busy to have something healthy."n Answer: C. "I will make a list before I go grocery shopping." Explanation: A. The client should not taste foods while cooking to avoid overeating. B. The client should control portion size and eat low-calorie foods first, rather than restricting certain foods, to prevent cravings. C. Developing a shopping list allows the client to adhere to meal planning, prevent impulse buying, and purchase only the quantity of food needed. D. The client should eat three to five meals a day to prevent hunger and the tendency to overeat. QUESTION A nurse is teaching a client who has a BMI of 22 dietary recommendations during pregnancy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I should avoid a vegetarian diet." B. "I should decrease my intake of protein." C. "I should increase my daily intake by 600 calories." D. "I should plan to gain a total of 25 to 35 pounds."n Answer: D. "I should plan to gain a total of 25 to 35 pounds." Explanation: A. The nurse should teach the client that a well-balanced vegetarian diet provides the nutritional requirements needed during pregnancy. B. The nurse should teach the client to increase protein intake during pregnancy. C. The nurse should teach a client who has a BMI of 22 to increase daily intake by 400 calories. Increasing to 600 calories daily can lead to obesity and gestational diabetes. D. The nurse should teach a client whose weight is within the expected reference range to gain 11.3 to 15.9 kg (25 to 35 lb) during pregnancy. QUESTION A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has COPD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Eat at least three well-proportioned, large meals a day. B. Drink low-protein, low-calorie nutrition formulas between meals. C. Avoid adding gravies and sauces to foods. D. Consume foods that are soft in texture and easy to chew.n Answer: D. Consume foods that are soft in texture and easy to chew. Explanation: A. Clients who have COPD usually do not have the energy to eat large meals. The client should eat six small meals per day. B. Clients should drink high-protein, high-calorie formulas between meals. C. Clients who have COPD should add gravy and sauces to foods to prevent dry mouth. D. Eating a soft diet and avoiding foods that are difficult to chew will decrease shortness of breath while eating. QUESTION A nurse is educating a group of clients about vitamin and mineral intake during pregnancy. Which of the following supplements should the nurse instruct the clients to avoid taking with iron? A. Magnesium B. Vitamin B12 C. Vitamin A D. Calciumn Answer: D. Calcium Explanation: A. Magnesium does not interfere with iron absorption. B. Magnesium does not interfere with iron absorption. C. Vitamin A does not interfere with iron absorption. D. The nurse should instruct the client to take calcium and iron supplements at different times, or between meals, because calcium can interfere with iron absorption if taken together with meals. QUESTION A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus and reports feeling dizzy, weak, and shaky. Which of the following is the priority action by the nurse? A. Offer the client 180 mL (6 oz) of orange juice. B. Document the client's intake from the most recent meal. C. Teach the client manifestations of hypoglycemia. D. Check the client's blood glucose level.n Answer: D. Check the client's blood glucose level. Explanation: A. The nurse should offer the client 180 mL of orange juice, but another action is the priority. B. The nurse should document the client's intake, but another action is the priority. C. The nurse should teach the client manifestations of hypoglycemia, but another action is the priority. D. The first action the nurse should take using the nursing process is to assess the client. Therefore, checking the client's blood glucose level is the priority action. QUESTION A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for ferrous sulfate about food interactions. Which of the following statements indicates that the client understands the teaching? A. "I can take this medication with juice." B. "I can take this medication with my eggs at breakfast." C. "I will drink low-fat milk when taking this medication." D. "I will take this medication with my coffee."n Answer: A. "I can take this medication with juice." Explanation: A. The nurse should instruct the client to take this medication between meals with juice. The client can take this medication with meals if gastric upset occurs. B. The nurse should instruct the client that eggs can interfere with the absorption of this medication. C. The nurse should instruct the client that milk decreases absorption of this medication. D. The nurse should instruct the client that caffeine decreases absorption of this medication. QUESTION A client reports constipation during a routine checkup. The client was previously encouraged to increase their intake of mineral supplements. Which of the following minerals should the nurse identify as the possible cause of the constipation? A. Phosphorus B. Potassium C. Magnesium D. Calciumn Answer: D. Calcium Explanation: A. Excessive phosphorus supplementation does not cause constipation. B. Excessive potassium supplementation can cause vomiting. C. Excessive magnesium supplementation can cause diarrhea and cramping. D. Calcium can lead to constipation by decreasing peristalsis. QUESTION A nurse is providing teaching to a client who reports nausea during pregnancy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I should drink liquids with meals." B. "I will eat dry cereal before I get out of bed." C. "I will increase the fat content in my diet." D. "I should drink a cup of hot tea between meals."n Answer: B. "I will eat dry cereal before I get out of bed." Explanation: A. Drinking liquids with meals leads to abdominal distention, which can exacerbate nausea. B. Carbohydrates, such as dry cereal, are absorbed quickly and readily raise blood sugar levels, which should reduce nausea. C. High-fat foods delay gastric emptying time, which increases nausea. D. The client should avoid caffeinated drinks such as coffee and tea because they can contribute to heartburn. QUESTION A nurse is caring for a client who develops diarrhea while receiving continuous enteral tube feeding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Provide a low-protein formula. B. Elevate the head of the bed to 30°. C. Switch to intermittent feedings. D. Warm the formula to room temperature.n Answer: D. Warm the formula to room temperature. Explanation: A. The nurse should provide a low-fat formula for a client who has diarrhea. B. Elevating the head of the client's bed to 30° prevents aspiration rather than diarrhea. C. A client who has diarrhea should receive a continuous enteral feeding. D. A client can develop diarrhea if the formula being infused is too cold. Therefore, the nurse should warm the formula to room temperature prior to administration.