CHAPTER 1 ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED.

CHAPTER 1 ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED. What were early people most likely concerns about the human body? - CORRECT ANSWER-Injuries and illnesses Anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER-Studies the structure of body parts Physiology - CORRECT ANSWER-Studies the functions of body parts List the levels of organization of the human body from simplest to most complex - CORRECT ANSWER-Atoms, molecules, macromolecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organism Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER-The sum of all the total chemical reactions in the body that break substances down and build them up List the characteristics of living things - CORRECT ANSWER-Movement, responsiveness, growth, reproduction, respiration, digestion, absorption, circulation, assimilation, and excretion List environmental factors that life requires - CORRECT ANSWER-Water, food, oxygen, heat, and pressure Internal environment - CORRECT ANSWER-Conditions and elements that make up the inside of the body, surrounding cells Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER-The condition of a stable internal environment Homeostatic mechanisms - CORRECT ANSWER-Self-regulating control systems that allow the body to maintain homeostasis List the parts of a homeostatic mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER-Receptors, set point, and effectors Receptors - CORRECT ANSWER-Provide information about specific conditions in the internal environment Set point - CORRECT ANSWER-Determines what a particular value should be Effectors - CORRECT ANSWER-Cause responses that alter conditions in the internal environment Negative feedback mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER-A process that gradually shuts down effectors as the conditions return toward normal Positive feedback mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER-A process that moves conditions away from the normal state Axial portion of the human body - CORRECT ANSWER-Head, neck, and trunk Appendicular portion of the human body - CORRECT ANSWER-Upper and lower limbs Viscera - CORRECT ANSWER-Organs within the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities Parietal - CORRECT ANSWER-Refers to the membrane attached to the wall of a cavity Visceral - CORRECT ANSWER-Refers to the membrane that is deeper and covers an internal organ Pleural membranes - CORRECT ANSWER-Refers to the membranes in the thoracic cavity Pericardial membranes - CORRECT ANSWER-Refers to the membranes that surround the heart Peritoneal membranes - CORRECT ANSWER-Refers to the membranes that line the abdominopelvic cavity List all the organ systems in the human body - CORRECT ANSWER-Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive Integumentary system - CORRECT ANSWER-Protects underlying tissues, help regulate body temperature, house sensory receptors, and synthesize certain products Organs- skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands Skeletal system - CORRECT ANSWER-Provide frameworks and protective shields for softer tissues, attachments for muscles, act with muscles to move body parts, produce blood cells, and store inorganic salts Organs- bones, ligaments and cartilages that bind bones together