ANCC PMHNP Chapters 14-17 exam questions and answers

ego syntonic behavior is consistent with personality; causes little concern to the person; person generally fails to recognize problem and doesn't seek treatment ego dystonic behavior is inconsistent with personality; causes discomfort and concern to the person; person generally recognizes problem and seeks treatment cluster A odd, unusual, eccentric, asocial Examples: paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal cluster B dramatic, affective instability Examples: antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic cluster C anxious Examples: avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive object relations theory psychodynamic theory that states that during development child must be able to separate and individuate and failure to do so is linked to the development of personality disorders separation develop intrapsychic self-representation distinct and separate from mother individuation form distinct identity with characteristics unique to the person schizoid personality disorder neither desires nor enjoys close relationships, chooses solitary activities, may be asexual, appears cold/detached, affect is flat schizotypal personality disorder ideas of reference, odd beliefs, magical thinking, paranoid ideation, eccentric, peculiar, social anxiety, few or no close friends paranoid personality disorder characterized by paranoia, long-standing suspiciousness and generalized mistrust of others; hypersensitive, easily insulted, and habitually relate to the world by vigilant scanning of the environment for clues or suggestions that may validate their fears or biases; eager observers antisocial personality disorder failure to conform to social norms, delinquent, deceitful, impulsive, reckless disregard for the welfare of others, irresponsible, lack of remorse borderline personality disorder frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment, unstable intense relationships, identity disturbances, impulsive, recurrently suicidal, transient psychosis histrionic personality disorder uncomfortable in situations in which they are not center of attention, inappropriately seductive, over the top physical appearance, suggestible and easily influenced, relationships considered more intimate than they are narcissistic personality disorder grandiose sense of self-importance; preoccupation with fantasies of power, success, brilliance; entitled; lacking empathy avoidant personality disorder avoidance of activities involving significant interpersonal contact; fear of criticism, disapproval, rejection; view of self as socially inept, personally unappealing, or inferior; reluctant to take risks dependent personality disorder difficulty making everyday decisions without excessive advice; needing others to assume responsibility for most areas of life; difficulty expressing disagreement obsessive-compulsive personality disorder preoccupation with details, rules, order, and organization; perfectionism that interferes with task completion; excessive devotion to work and productivity; inability to discard worthless/worn objects; reluctance to delegate; rigid age 4 by this age, children have some understanding of what is real or made up age 12 by this age, children are expected to have abstractive thought abilities oppositional defiant disorder enduring pattern of angry or irritable mood and argumentative, defiant, vindictive behavior for at least 6 months conduct disorder repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the rights of others or societal norms and rules are violated; includes aggression toward people/animals, destruction of property, deceit/theft, serious violation of rules ADHD persistent pattern of inattention or hyperactivity, impulsivity or both neurobiological theory of ADHD problems with executive functioning; abnormalities of fronto-subcortical pathways in frontal cortex and basal ganglia; abnormalities of reticular activating system; structural abnormalities producing DA&NE dysfunction ADHD age of onset 3; diagnosis at 9 autism spectrum disorder persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple settings with deficits in social reciprocity, nonverbal communication, developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships and restricted repetitive behavior assessment of autism no cooing by age 1, no single words by 16 months, no two-word phrases by 24 months; no imaginary play, little interest in playing with other children, little eye contact, intense tantrum, resistance to change in routine, sensory sensitivity, self injurious behavior antipsychotics in autism effective for tantrums, aggression, self injurious behaviors, hyperactivity, repetitive stereotyped behaviors rett syndrome development of specific deficits following a period of normal functioning after birth, primarily in girls anorexia nervosa clients refuse to maintain a normal body weight, involves restricted caloric intake; client have intense fear of gaining weight d/t distorted body image