Community Health Nursing Exam 1 questions and answers well illustrated.

Community Health Nursing Exam 1 questions and answers well illustrated. What are the four core functions of public health? - correct answers.Assessment Policy development Assurance Define Assessment - correct answers.Activities that involve collecting, analyzing, and disseminating information on bother the health status and health-related aspects of a community or specific population Ongoing monitoring the health status and the health services population Define policy development - correct answers.Seeks to build organizations or relationships that will help bring about change in public policy Define assurance - correct answers.The responsibility of health agencies to make sure activities has been carried out to meet public health goals and plans Make sure the needed services are available Assessing the quality of the care services Define public health - correct answers.Protecting and promoting health Preventing disease and disability How did the IOM define public health in their 1988 report? - correct answers.It is what we do as a society, collectively, to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy Name three of the core competencies of the public health workforce - correct answers.Analytic/assessment Policy development/program planning Communication Cultural competency Community dimensions of practice Basic public health sciences Financial planning and management Leadership and system thinking What are the three tiers of each core competency? - correct answers.Tier 1, tier 2 and tier 3 Describe a tier 1 employee - correct answers.Entry level public health professional No management responsibilities A nurse has just entered the public health workforce She does not manage anything What tier would this nurse fall into? - correct answers.Tier 1 Describe a tier 2 employee - correct answers.This public health professional holds a management or supervisor position/responsibilities Describe a tier 3 employee - correct answers.This public health professional is a senior manager or leader in public health organizations A nurse has been a leader at a public health organization This nurse is also a senior manager What tier would this nurse fall into? - correct answers.Tier 3 Within the health services pyramid, which level is most important to public health? - correct answers.Primary Health Care; level three What is the mission of public health? - correct answers.Promote physical and mental health and prevent disease, injury and disability The three core function of public health are also known as? - correct answers.The essential public health services Is public health nursing a specialty? - correct answers.YUP!!!! it is a specialty Why is public health nursing a specialty? - correct answers.Because it has a distinct focus, scope of practice and special knowledge base What is the focus of public health nursing? - correct answers.Public health nursing is population-focused & community-oriented Focus is on prevention on those members that are FREE-LIVING What are some reasons public health nursing is a specialty? - correct answers.1. it is population focused 2. it is community oriented 3. it is focused on health and prevention 4. interventions are carried out at a community or population level 5. there is concern for the health of the community, especially vulnerable populations What does community-oriented mean? - correct answers.There is a connection between the health status of the population and the environment in which the population lives Focus on the community and populations What education is necessary to sit for a certificate examination in order to have a specialty in public health nursing? - correct answers.A Master's degree What is the difference between a public health nurse with a BSN versus a Master's? - correct answers.BSN nurse = entry level nurse, has the basic knowledge Master's level nurse = now has a specialty in public health nursing, with a focus in public health sciences Curriculum content for public health accreditation for schools - correct answers.Informatics Genomics Cultural competence Community-based participatory research Policy Law Global health Ethics Name at least three areas essential for preparation of specialists in public health nursing - correct answers.Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Nursing theory, Management theory, Change theory, Economics Politics, PH administration, History of public health, Issues in public health, Public health administration, Community assessment, Program planning and evaluation, Interventions at the aggregate level, Research Population-focused practice - correct answers.Problems and solutions are implemented for or with a defined population or subpopulation in mind At what three levels can care be provided? - correct answers.Community level Population (aggregate) level Individual or family level Public health nurse specialist define problems at what level of care? - correct answers.Population/aggregate level Define community-based nursing - correct answers.Providing care to individuals and families in the community Focus is on the individual or family Community health nurse - correct answers.Can apply to all nurses who practice in the community, whether or not they had preparation in public health nursing Provide care in institutions, schools, clinics, home settings, etc. What are some barriers to specializing in public health nursing? - correct answers.1. People believe nurses belong at the bedside 2. Policy is no place for a nurse; improper socialization 3. Low number of nurses receive graduate level education in relation to public health Population can also be referred to as what? - correct answers.Aggregate What areas are focused on for quality improvement in public health? - correct answers.Identifying eight areas of curriculum Setting performance standards Creating accreditation processes What are the four key areas of community nursing? - correct answers.Community oriented Community health Community based Public health Nursing during the 1700s - correct answers.Women/female heads nursed family members back to health in the home Nursing them in sickness and during childbirth What was the first hospital established in the United States? - correct answers.Pennsylvania Hospital, in Philadelphia 1751 Nursing during the 1800s - correct answers.Colonization and industrialization of big/inner cities created a large surge in epidemics; poor sanitation, overcrowding Hospitals were a last resort to look for help Health care providers were poorly trained Shattuck Report by Massachusetts Sanitary Commission 1850 - correct answers.Called for major innovation including creating state health departments, local health boards, etc. Not implemented in Massachusetts until 1869 and much late in other cities Florence Nightingale's influence on public health nursing - correct answers.Created formal training for nurses Emphasized identifying health care needs that affect the entire population, mobilizing resources, organizing to meet community needs Proper rest, sanitation, nutrition and hygiene What happened in America in the 1870s after they heard about Nightingale's success? - correct answers.The first nursing schools based on Nightingale's model opened Define visiting nurses - correct answers.Making home visits, gave selected treatments, kept temperature and pulse records Educated families while caring for the sick family member about personal and environmental measures that decrease disease (ie: good nutrition and hygiene) Describe settlement houses - correct answers.Neighborhood centers that were important for health care, education and social welfare programs Henry Street Settlement - correct answers.1st public health nursing practice staffed by both nurses and social workers. (Due to Lillian Wald) Lillian Wald and public health nursing - correct answers.Key leader of public health in it's early days Worked with MetLife insurance to implement payment for nursing services Advocated for the creation of the US Children's Bureau Conducting a study about the effectiveness of school nurse; SUCCESSFUL! Jessie Sleet Scales - correct answers.1st African American public health nurse American Red Cross Town and Country Nursing Service - correct answers.Provided a framework to provide home nursing care to rural areas and farm people Improved living conditions in villages and isolated farms Lina Rogers - correct answers.First school nurse A nurse from the Henry Street Settlement Why were a gang of children absent from school on a regular basis during the early 1900s? - correct answers.Lack of shoes or clothing, serving as babysitters for their family, malnourishment, etc. National Organization for Public Health Nursing 1909 - correct answers.Standardized public health nursing education Dominant force in public health nursing New graduates had to verify their certification in a public health training program The American Public Health Association really wanted to between health care professionals? - correct answers.Sought after interprofessional teamwork What did WW1 do to the number of public health nurses? - correct answers.World War 1 depleted the number of public health nurses in the United States What was a huge barrier to expanding nursing in communities? - correct answers.Funding, there was not enough money Describe the Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921 - correct answers.Provided matching federal funds to established maternal and child health divisions in state health departments Ended in 1929 Frontier Nursing Services was founded when and by who? - correct answers.1925 by Mary Breckingridge Explain the goal of Frontier Nursing Services - correct answers.Program geared towards improving the health care of the rural and inaccessible populations southeastern of Kentucky Introduced the first nurse midwives in the United States What organization was created in 1919 to promote the public health work in African American communities in the south? - correct answers.The National Health Circle for Colored People What strides did the National Health Circle for Colored People take to bring health care to southern black communities? - correct answers.Provided scholarships to assist African American nurses to pursue university level education Who was the first recipient of a scholarship from the National Health Circle for Colored People? - correct answers.Bessie B. Hawes Bessie B. Hawes - correct answers.First recipient of scholarship from The National Health Circle for Colored People Sent to Florida Encouraged little girls to become nurses Gained the trust of the community and built a health center Discuss the impact of the Great Depression during the 1930s on public health nursing - correct answers.The depression reduced the funding for nursing services and number of employed nurses in hospitals and community agencies The National Organization for Public Health Nursing fought for federal relief programs to fund nursing care What federal programs helped fund nursing care services/agencies during the Great Depression? - correct answers.The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) Works Progress Administration (WPA) Relief Nursing Service Civil Works Administration (CWA) How did the Social Security Act of 1935 help nurses? - correct answers.It provided funding for education and employment for public health nurses Funds for investigation and research of diseases Describe categorical funding - correct answers.The federal government allotted dollar amounts for specific diseases that were most prevalent throughout the country, rather than to programs What impact did WWII have on public health nursing? - correct answers.World War II increases the need for nurses on the front-line and at home Many nurses joined the Army or Navy Nurse Corps What is the National Council on National Defense? - correct answers.A coalition of nursing organizations that plans and coordinates nursing actions for war efforts Expanded facilities for nursing education What happened that changed the major cause of death from communicable disease to chronic illness? - correct answers.Increasing older population The older you get, the sicker you get How did nurses contribute to chronic illness becoming the leading cause of death? - correct answers.The took care of people so well and decreased the mortality rates associated with communicable disease, so people started living longer. BUT as you live longer you get chronic diseases. Shift from communicable diseases as the major problem to chronic disease (because people just old as shit, smh) How did insurance companies feel about chronic illnesses? - correct answers.Insurance companies believed it was cost beneficial when paying for care for communicable diseases but chronic illness was too expensive; STOPPED FUNDING NURSING CARE when chronic illness was the leading cause of death What happened to public health nursing organizations, such as the National Organization for Public Health Nursing, due to chronic illness? - correct answers.These nursing organizations lost their members and basically disappeared because THE HOSPITAL WAS USED MORE for chronic illness; not much public health happening Describe the affect Medicare and Medicaid on public health nursing? - correct answers.Does not include funding for preventive services (basis of public health nursing) Home health care is only paid for if it is ordered by a physician What challenges does public health nursing face today? - correct answers.1. Needs of a new immigrant population 2. People leaving for profession for higher pay 3. Natural disasters that require innovative responses 4. Manmade disasters and bioterrorism