Community Health Nursing Exam 1 verified answers and questions 2023.

Community Health Nursing Exam 1 verified answers and questions 2023. Public Health 3 components - correct sment (needs) assurance (resources) policy (intervention) PH is prevention and promotion of population health at the - correct al and state level A public service announcement is an example of - correct ng intervention Community health focuses on which type of issues - correct cultural issues example: food bank at local church (serves health and social needs at the community level and is privately funded) Four important aspects of community - correct e place interactions commonalities Population vs. Aggregate - correct answers.Population- group of people with common personal or environmental characteristics ALL elders in a community Aggregate- subgroup of people within a population PREGNANT teenagers within a school district Goals of Healthy People 2020 - correct answers.Focus on achieving health among community 20% smoking 50% premature death What are leading health indicators that help keep track of progress towards meeting Healthy People 2020 goals - correct expectancy, infant mortality, age-adjusted death rates, and cancer incidence rates Determinants of health - correct gy behavior social environment physical environment (what is experienced by the senses) policies and interventions Health Promotion - correct ities directed towards improving the well0being and reaching the best health potential. Health education, groups, community outreaches Health Protection - correct t First visiting nurse - correct answers.Francis Root The Henry Street Settlement was a model comprehensive health care center that provided many services, including - correct visits to mothers and children, support services for immigrants, the first school health and industrial health programs, and many other services Stage 1 NPD - correct ure host and environment influence vulnerability Stage 2 NPD - correct ure invasion of causative agent Stage 3 NPD - correct -clinical stage pathological changes asymptomatic Stage 4 NPD - correct answers.Culmination Disease and condition established Who was involved in the Henry Street Settlement - correct answers.Lilian Wald and Mary Brewster Upstream thinking - correct ns focus on modifying economic, political, and environmental factors which are precursors to poor health Political and economic interventions are the most effective way to address - correct c determinants of health Nursing Theory improves community nursing by - correct ng data collection help interpret data easier to diagnose problems Upstream thinking is - correct answers.A conceptual model to assist the nurse in community health planning. Helps to focus the time, energy, and programmatic resources available to community health nursing clients. Focuses the nurse on long-term, "bigger picture" issues related to community health practice, such as social justice or power. Orem's self-care deficit theory is based on - correct idual self-care needs and explains the level of nursing interventions required to assist clients to obtain optimal health The health belief model (HBM) evolved from the premise that - correct world of the perceiver determines action Milio's framework for prevention (1976) provides a complement to the HBM - correct a mechanism for directing attention upstream and examining opportunities for nursing intervention at the population level Critical social theory uses - correct tal awareness to expose social inequalities that keep people from reaching their full potential Theory helps nursing by - correct data collection and interpretation in a clear and organized manner improve community health nursing practice focus the student on factors that are critical to understanding the A proactive approach to care Development of population-focused programs Risk - correct bility a specific event will occur in a given time frame Risk factor - correct ure that is associated with disease Risk reduction - correct iors that mitigate or decrease actual potentional of the threats to health Absolute Risk - correct n's chance they will develop a disease over a period of time Relative Risk - correct ration of the risk of the disease in the expose person to the risk of the disease in the non exposed Relative risk is - correct time, prospective Odds Ratio - correct odds of having the disease when suspected factor is present as oppose to not present looking at those with disease and without disease similar to risk restrospective- looking back Odds ration is very similar to risk raito if - correct disease is rare Hill's Criteria for Causality - correct answers.Temporality Strength of association Dose-response relationship Biological Plausibility consistency alternate explanation experimental coherence/analogy Epidemiology - correct research that shows the determinant and distribution of disease in populations Descriptive Epidemiology - correct t and distribution of disease person, place, time approach Analytic Epidemiology - correct answers.Looks at complex relationships Agent, host, environment Web of causation (looks at multiple factors) Crude Rates - correct answers.#deaths over population do not account for important factors Rate - correct answers.#specified events during particular time period/ population in same area in particular time period Adjusted rate - correct into account specific subset and important variables Prevalence Rate - correct total number of cases (new and old) that exist in specified time period Incidence rates - correct r of newly reported cases that occur during a specified period of time; most sensitive indicator of changing health in a community Measure of morbidity - correct at trends Measures of mortality - correct at severity PMR - correct rtionate mortality ratio Sensitivity means - correct ive disease= positive test Specificity means - correct ive disease= negative test Cross- section design - correct lence or correlation snap shot in time Restrospective - correct re individuals with condition to those who do not events already happened Prospective - correct or group of disease free individuals to determine if when disease occurs overtime cohort longitudinal Risk Prevalence Rates Incidence - correct answers.The term risk refers to the probability of an adverse event. Prevalence is the number of all cases of a specific disease or condition in a population. Rates are arithmetic expressions that help practitioners consider a count of an event relative to the size of the population from which it is extracted. Incidence describes the occurrence of new cases of a disease or condition in a community over a period of time. Primary Secondary Tertiary Prevention - correct answers.Primary prevention occurs when intervention activities take place before disease development. Immunization is an example of primary prevention that provides specific protection. Secondary prevention occurs after pathogenesis, namely screening and physical examinations that are aimed at early diagnosis.