Principles of Anesthesia Exam I questions and answers well illustrated 2023.

Principles of Anesthesia Exam I questions and answers well illustrated 2023. STOP-BANG - correct answers.S: Snoring T: Tired O: Observed snoring P: New/existing HTN B:BMI> 35 A: Age >50 N: Neck > 40cm G: Gender Male Steroid Replacement Schedule - correct answers.If taking steroids > 1 month in past year: 1. 25mg pre-op followed by 100mg infusion over next 12-24hrs. 2. 100mg before, during and after surgery usually every 6 hours Components of Difficult Airway (9) - correct answers.-long upper incisors -prominent overbite -cannot protrude mandible past maxilla -incisor distance < 3cm -uvula not visible when tongue protruded in sitting position -mandibular space non compliant -thyromental distance <3 finger breadths -lack normal ROM in neck/head ASA Status I - correct answers.No organic physiological, biochemical, or psychiatric disturbance ASA Status II - correct answers.Mild to moderate systemic disturbance that may or may not be reason for surgery -HTN, DM, extremes of age, anemia, morbid obesity, chronic bronchitis ASA Status III - correct answers.Severe systemic disturbance that does limit activity -CHF, pulmonary disease, angina, MI, poor controlled HTN, Hx of MI ASA Status IV - correct answers.Severe systemic disturbance that is life threatening without surgery -angina, advanced pulmonary/hepatic/renal function, CHF ASA Status V - correct answers.Moribound pt with little chance of survival that surgery is used as life saving effort -aneurysm rupture, trauma ASA Status VI - correct answers.Brain dead pt whose organs are being removed for donation ASA Class E - correct answers.E is added to the number to denote emergency operation Current Fasting Guidelines - correct answers.-Clear liquids 2 hrs -Breast milk 4hrs -Infant formual, non human milk, solids 6hrs Goals of Pharmacological Pre-op meds - correct answers.-relieve anxiety -sedation -amnesia -analgesia -antisialogogue effect (glycopyrrolate) -increase gastric pH (cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine) -Decrease gastric volume -attenuate SNA -decrease anesthetic requirements What is Included in the Time Out? - correct answers.-site verified -pt name -DOB -Allergies -Beta blocker -Antibiotic -FBS -Fire Risk IBW (male and female equations) -alternative method (brocas index) - correct answers.IBW male: 106lb +6lb for every inch over 5ft IBW female: 100lb + 5lb for every inch over 5ft Brocas index: IBW (kg)=Ht in cm-100 General Anesthesia Objectives and Stages - correct answers.-amnesia, analgesia, skeletal muscle relaxation, control SNS resposes -Induction -Maintenance -Emergence Regional Anesthesia w/ Examples - correct answers.-Particular part of body anesthetized with local anesthetic -Can be combined with GA -Single or continuous dose -Ex: epidural, axillary block for hand surgery, foot block Monitored Anesthesia Care w/ Examples - correct answers.-Sedation and monitoring with or without local anesthesia -Ex: Xray, EP lab, MRI, Endocoscopy, Opthalmology, CT Intracellular Fluid Compartment -Components -Amount of body wt -Ions - correct answers.-Fluids inside cells, aqueous membrane for cell metabolism -2/3 of body weight -Potassium, phosphate, magnesium Extracellular Fluid Compartment -Components (IVF, ISF) -Amount of body wt -Ions - correct answers.-Intravascular fluid --plasma --blood -Interstitial fluid --ultra filtrate of plasma --devoid of protein -20% of body wt -Na and Cl Blood Volume -arterial v. venous -male, female -neonates, premies - correct answers.-15% arterial, 85% venous -Male 75ml/kg -Female 65ml/kg -Neonates 85ml/kg -Premies 90ml/kg Variances in TBW