Exam 1 Study Guide - NUR2063 / NUR 2063 (Latest 2023 / 2024) : Essentials of Pathophysiology - Rasmussen

P a t h o p h y s i o l o g y
E x a m
R e v i e w
M o d u l e s
1 - 3
M o d u l e
1 :
C e l l s
&
H o m e o s t a s i s
W h a t
a r e
t h e
G e n e r a l
A d a p t a t i o n
S y n d r o m e
S t a g e s ?
-
Stage
1:
Alarm/Fight
or
Flight
-
Stage
2:
Resistance
-
Stage
3:
Exhaustion
W h a t
h a p p e n s
t o
o u r
b o d y
d u r i n g
t h e
fi g h t
o r
fl i g h t
s t a g e ?
The
stressor
upsets
homeostasis
W h a t
i s
b e i n g
r e l e a s e d
f r o m
o u r
b o d y
d u r i n g
t h e
a l a r m
s t a g e
( fi g h t
o r
fl i g h t ) ?
Catecholamines
and
cortisol
W h a t
i s
t h e
f u n c t i o n
o f
a
r i b o s o m e ?
Aid
in
protein
production
and
form
clusters
that
are
held
together
by
DNA
W h a t
i s
t h e
f u n c t i o n
o f
t h e
n u c l e u s ?
Contains
genetic
information
and
controls
the
production
of
proteins
W h a t
i s
t h e
f u n c t i o n
o f
t h e
m i t o c h o n d r i a ?
It
is
responsible
for
cellular
respiration
and
energy
production
–
carries
DNA
W h a t
i s
t h e
f u n c t i o n
o f
t h e
e n d o p l a s m i c
r e t i c u l u m ?
Calcium
storage,
protein
synthesis,
and
lipid
metabolism
W h a t
i s
d i ff u s i o n ?
Moving
from
a
high
concentration
to
a
low
concentration
W h a t
i s
o s m o s i s ?
The
movement
of
water
across
the
cell
membrane
–
think
H2O
for
water
–
W h a t
i s
a c t i v e
t r a n s p o r t ?
Movement
of
molecules
across
a
membrane
where
assistance
is
needed W h a t
i s
p a s s i v e
t r a n s p o r t ?
Movement
of
molecules
without
needing
energy
(ATP)
to
pass
through
W h a t
s u b s t a n c e s
h a v e
f r e e
m o v e m e n t ?
Enzymes,
Glucose,
Electrolytes
W h a t
i s
m e i o s i s ?
Cell
division
in
sexually
reproducing
organisms
reduces
the
number
of
chromosomes
in
gametes
W h a t
i s
m i t o s i s ?
Cells
divide
into
two
identically
daughter
cells
W h a t
i s
p i n o c y t o s i s ?
Cell
drinking
W h a t
i s
p h a g o c y t o s i s ?
Cell
eating
W h a t
i s
e x o c y t o s i s ?
Exiting
or
expelling
a
protein
out
of
a
cell
W h a t
i s
c a r c i n o g e n e s i s ?
The
development
of
cancer
W h a t
a r e
t h e
t h r e e
s t a g e s
o f
c a r c i n o g e n e s i s ?
-
Initiation:
Introduction
of
the
agent
-
Promotion:
Initiation
of
uncontrolled
growth
-
Progression:
Permanent
malignant
changes
W h a t
i s
c a c h e x i a ?
A
symptom
of
cancer
–
sunken
eyes,
weight
loss,
muscle
loss,
and
no
appetite
W h a t
i s
a t r o p h y ?
Decreases
organelle
size
and
lowers
energy
usage
W h a t
i s
h y p e r t r o p h y ?
Increases
organelle
size