Health and social care LO1 revision (OCR Level 3) Questions With Correct Answers

Identify two adaptations of erythrocytes (4 marks) - Answer Any two from list: Shape (bi-concave disc)-increases surface area for uptake of oxygen No nucleus -leaves more room (for haemoglobin) so able to transport more oxygen Full of haemoglobin -combines with oxygen Small/flexible-can get into narrow capillaries so near to body tissues Round -pass easily and do not get caught up in thin vessels What component of blood carries dissolved food molecules around the body? (1 mark) - Answer Plasma What is the component of blood that produces antibodies to fight infection? (1 mark) - Answer Lymphocytes What is the component of blood that brings about clotting after an injury? (1 mark) - Answer Platelets What is the function of erythrocytes? - Answer Transport and carry oxygen and carbon dioxide Outline how the blood carries out the function of temperature regulation (3 marks) - Answer Any three points: Question could be interpreted in two ways:Marks can be awarded if the candidate refers to blood as a medium: the role of blood in removing heat from metabolising cells to remove the risk of enzyme denaturation distributing heat around the body as a result of homeostasis involving the hypothalamus. Candidates may interpret 'blood' as meaning the role of the blood system in which the following points can be awarded. when hot blood vessels in the skin dilate (widen) more blood near skin surface (looks red) allows blood to be cooled (as sweat evaporates from surface) when cold vessels near skin surface contract less blood near skin surface (look pale) preventing heat loss What is the function of lymphocytes? (1 mark) - Answer T type cells that destroy viruses/cancer cells What is the function of monocytes? (1 mark) - Answer Removes dead cells and bacteria What is the function of leucocytes? (1 mark) - Answer Helps to destroy bacteria What is the function of neutrophils? (1 mark) - Answer B type cells that produce antibodies Complete the description: blood clotting/ cytoplasm/ erythrocytes/ extensions/ fragments /lymphocytes/ neutrophils/ plasma /temperature regulation The main component of blood is called ___________1.___________. It consists mostly of water and it helps in the ___________2.___________ of the body. Red blood cells are also known as ___________3.___________ and are responsible for transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide.White blood cells help to prevent infection, for example, ____________4._________ which engulf microorganisms. Platelets can be described as cell ___________5.___________ and are responsible for _________6.___________. (6 marks) - Answer 1. Plasma