B5 GI-Renal Pharmacology Final Exam

B5 GI-Renal Pharmacology Final Exam Promoters of Gastric Acid Secretion - - Ach from vagus n (PS) - Hist from enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells - Gastrin from G cells Inhibitors of Gastric Acid Secretion - - Somatostatin from delta cells - PGE2 from gastr muc Pathophysiology & Common Sx of GERD - AKA acid reflux, heartburn - Pathophys = stom cont/gastr ac reflux into esoph --> sx+complics; maybe by decr LES press/musc tone --> treat by 1). incr LES press, 2). decr stom ac secr - Common Sx = heartburn, hypersal, ac regurg, acidic taste Alarm Sx & Complications of GERD - - Alarm sx = CP, dysphag, odynoph, anemia, GIB, wt loss - Complics = esoph eros, strics, bl, Barrett's esoph, adenocarc (rare) 2 Types of GERD - - Eros reflux dis = sx w/ muc dam - Non-eros reflux dis (NERD) = sx w/o muc dam Foods/Beverages Worsening GERD Sx by Decr LES Pressure - - fatty meal - carminatives (ie. peppermint, spearmint) - choc - coffee, cola, tea - garlic - onions - chili peppers - EtOH esp wine Meds Worsening GERD Sx by Decr LES Pressure - - Antichols - Barbs - Caffeine - Dihydropyridine CCBs - Dopa - Estrogen - Nic - Nitrates - Progesterone - Tetracyc - Theophylline Foods & Drugs Worsening GERD Sx by being Direct Irritants to Esophageal Mucosa - - Spicy foods - Orange juice - Tomato juice - Coffee - Tobacco