Pediatrics FNP Board Review 2023/ 2024 | Questions and Verified Answers

Pediatrics FNP Board Review 2023/ 2024 | Questions and Verified Answers In evaluating a 9-year-old child with a healthy BMI during a well visit, a comprehensive cardiovascular evaluation should be conducted by the following methods (choose all that apply): A. Obtain fasting lipid profile. B. Screen for type 2 diabetes mellitus by measuring HbA1c. C. Assess for family history of thyroid disease. D. Assess diet and physical activity. Answer: A and D At what age is it appropriate to recommend dietary changes to parents if overweight or obesity is a concern? A. 12 months old B. 5 years old C. 10 years old D. 18 years old Answer: A The following are risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and teens (choose all that apply): A. hyperinsulinemia. B. abnormal weight-to-height ratio. C. onset of nonorganic failure to thrive in the toddler years. D. Native American ancestry. Answer: ABD Screening children with a known risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus is recommended at age 10 or at onset of puberty, and should be repeated how often? A. every other year. B. every year. C. every six months. D. if child presents with a body mass index in the 85th percentile or higher. Answer: B Prediabetes in children is defined as (choose all that apply): A. impaired fasting glucose (glucose level ≥100 mg/dL or 6.2 mmol/L) but ≤125 mg/dL or 7 mmol/L). B. impaired glucose tolerance (2-hour postprandial ≥140-199 mg/dL or 7.8 mmol/L-11 mmol/L). C. body mass index in the 85th percentile or higher. D. body mass index in the 60th percentile or higher. Answer: A and B Risk factors for dyslipidemia in children include (choose all that apply): A. blood pressure at the 70th to 80th percentile for age. B. breastfeeding into the toddler years. C. family history of lipid abnormalities. D. family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Answer: C and D Screening cholesterol levels in children with one or more risk factors begins at what age? A. birth B. 2 years C. 5 years D. 10 years Answer: B An acceptable level of total cholesterol (mg/dL) in children and teens is: A. <170 mg/dL or 9.4 mmol/L. B. <130 mg/dL or 7.2 mmol/L. C. 110-130 mg/dL or 6.2 mmol/L-7.2 mmol/L. D. 130-199 mg/dL or 7.2 mmol/L-11 mmol/L. Answer: A T/F: low birth weight, and poor infant growth are risk factors for type 2 diabetes Answer: True T/F: Prediabetes in children is defined as impaired fasting glucose (glucose level ≥100 mg/dL or 5.6 mmol/L but ≤125 mg/dL or 7 mmol/L) or impaired glucose tolerance (2-hour postprandial ≥140-199 mg/dL or 7.8 mmol/L-11 mmol/L) or an A1C of 5.7% to 6.4%. Answer: True Screening for type 2 diabetes begins at age ____ or at onset of puberty and continues every 2 years until adulthood; at that point, the adult guidelines should be followed. Answer: 10 The AAP screening guidelines for total cholesterol levels in children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years old are as follows: Acceptable level is < _____ mg/dL (<9.4 mmol/L), borderline is 170-199 mg/dL (9.4 mmol/L-11 mmol/L), and high is >200 mg/dL (≥11.1 mmol/L) Answer: 170