Fresenius medical care PCT test with complete solutions

Fresenius medical care PCT test with complete solutions The role of the RN in a dialysis facility is to implement the _____ and the patient ________? Plan of Care, Education Plans The number one cause of chronic renal failure is? Diabetes When going from a dirty area to retrieve supplies in a clear area, staff is required to complete hand hygiene? T or F True Hazardous Materials Identification System (HMIS) Label are required on all hazardous materials including individual bicarbonate containers? True What soultion should be used t disinfect a large blood spill area (Greater that 10mL)? 1 to 10 bleach solution The main rout of transmission of Hepatitis B in Hemodialyis Facilities is by exposure to Infected _________ and _______? Infected blood and Body Fluids When Caring for a patient who is Hepatitis B positive, After disconnecting the bloodlines, the tech MUST perform which 3 actions before documenting? Remove Gloves, Sanitize Hands, put on a fresh pair of gloves Patients who are hepatitis B surface B antigen Positive should be dialyzed in a _______________ area of the dialysis center on a ______________ machine? Separate, Dedicated What PPE should you wear when documenting in the isolation room? Clean Gloves The tech has performed a rinseback on a patient and failed to gather supplies needed to disconnect the patient. What 2 things MUST the tech do prior to getting clean supplies? Remove Gloves, Wash/Sanitize Hands Dialysate used for in center hemodialysis is? Non-Sterile Who ultimately determins the dialysate bath used for a patients treatment? Physicians ONLY!!! Individual Acid containers must be __________ with chemical content Labeled Three soultes that may be present in a prescribed dialysate solution? Sodium Bicarbonate, potassium and Calcium A major complication that occurs when the patient is dialyzed on a hypo tonic dilysate is? Hemolysis The __________area of the dialysate hs the most impact on dialyzser clearance surface Which of the following would ADVERSELY affect clearance? Air in the Dialyzer The Online Clearance Goal for Hemodialysis is spKt/v of? 1.4 Dialysis is affected by these 4 things? Dialysate Flow, Dialysis Treatment Time, Dialyzer size, Blood flow rate Besides potassium an electorlyte commonly adjusted in the hemodialysis acid bath is??? Calcium The three ingredients in a dialysate solution/bath are? calcium, bicarbonate, RO Water Urine flows through the _________ from the kidneys to the______ to the ________to the ______ Urinary tract, ureters, bladder, urethra The Transmembrane pressure (TMP) measures the ________ difference across the membranes of the dialyzer membrane? Pressure Osmosis Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from low solute to an area to high concentration. A major factor affecting ultraftration is Pressure A rise in ____________________ during hemodialysis is likely to indicate clotted fibers? Trans membrane Pressure Water in the dialysate may also be reffered to _______ water? R.O A ____ is considered the access of choice because the lowest complication rate fistula A patient with severe hypertension is to start hemodialysis, The patient does not have diabetes or cardiac problems, What type of access is preferable? Fistula Counter current flow of blood and dialysis increases the rate of? Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Diffusion Use of dialysate filter allows the production of ________ Ultra pure Water Conductivity The ability of a substance to conduct an electrical charge Normal _______ is used to rinse and prime the ubing of th exctracorporeal circuit to remove sterilant and air Saline Air is removed from the exctracorporeal circuit before initiating treatment because it may cause _________ when trapped in the dialyzer Clotting the most likely cause of contamination of the exctracorporeal circuit are the ______________? bloodlines are in the prime bucket with open end caps A low level arterial drip chamber can result in ________ entering the system causing and air embolism or clotting Air When blood escapes from the dialyzer blood compartment in the dialysate fluid compartment? Blood Leak Prior to applying blood pressure cuff on a new patient, the PCT should ______ both the patients arms for the presence of __________ Examine, an access available weight gain is described as the pre-treatment weight minus Dry Weight A red and warm vascular access may be sign of Infection Pre-Treament evalution of an internal vascular access inculded palpating for a _________ Thrill What three items of PPE are required when performing Venipuncture? Gloves, Mask, Gown Damage to the intimal lining of the vessel is likely to occur when the when the needle is ________ after insertion Flipped When cannulating a new A-V Fistula always apply a _________ Stay at least _________ from the anastomosis Tourniquet, 1.5- 2 inches Pre pump arterial pressure should not exceed ________? -250 Make sure access is stabilized and remains Uncovered The venous needled must be placed ________ the blood flow With The arterial needle is placed _________ the flow of blood either with or against The patient's venous needled has infiltrated and another needle will need to be inserted the care giver would insert the new needle ______ the infiltrate and apply __________ to the area above, apply ice When remove needles from an internal access the needle should be _________ remove the needle from the patients access Engaged, While Access ________ can jeopardize the adequacy of a dialysis treatment Recirculation In addition to obtaining the patients blood pressure, pulse, and tempeture during pre treatment evalution the nurse would also check the patients for _________ Peripheral Edema Which of following complications is most likely cause by a kink in the blood line? Hemolysis Excessive fluid removal during dialysis combined with the patients's taking an antihypertensive medication may result in the patients having Hypotension A patient is being observe for symtpoms of uremia which include? Loss of Appetite Hemolyzed blood could be caused by An arterial pressure of negative 270 During the final thirty minutes of dialysis the patients complais of blurred vision and dizziness. The care giver should evaluate for signs of __________ Hypotension The Group of symptoms that include feelings of faintness double vision, perspiration, irritability, and hunger may be associated with what patient complication Hypoglycemia The primary cause of anemia in the dialysis patient is Decrease in the production of erthropoietin. During the safety the tech notes the following, Which one requires intervention Access and patients face are covered What happens when the dialysate flow stops during dialysis? The patients blood pump stops Whic alarm will NOT stop the blood pump? blood pressure alarm A patient begins the experience shortness of breath, chest pain, sudden hypotension the blood is bright red and translucent. The complication MOST LIKELY occuring is Hemolysis Chlormines or bleach in the dialysate during can cause a patient death due to Hemolysis Improperly primed dialyzers and blood can increase the risk of Air embolism and clotting in the dialyzer Hypokalemia can result in ________ and __________ Muscle weakness, death During the dialysis treatment a large clot is noted in the venous chamber. The clinician should replace the ________ Venous LIne THe new needle place following an ARTERIAL needle infiltration should be located __________ the infiltrated. above or below