American Red Cross Lifeguarding Test (CPR/First Aid) 2023 Questions and Answers (GRADED A+)

CPR Should be performed on a victim who is... - ANSWER In Cardiac Arrest or unconscious with an obstructed airway. After an AED says "No Shock Advised," it is best to... - ANSWER Perform CPR for about 2 minutes. When giving chest compressions to an adult, how do you position your hands? - ANSWER Heel of one hand on the center of the chest with the other hand on top. Once you have turned on the AED, you should... - ANSWER Apply the pads and allow the AED to analyze the heart rhythm. When providing care to a conscious infant who is choking, it is most appropriate to... - ANSWER Position the infant so the head is lower than the chest. The cycle of chest compressions and ventilations in two-rescuer CPR for an infant is... - ANSWER 15 chest compressions and 2 ventilations. The purpose of a secondary assessment is to... - ANSWER Identify and care for conditions that are not life threatening. When giving a primary ventilation to an adult who is unconscious and not breathing, you notice the chest is not rising. What should you do next? - ANSWER Re-tilt the head and attempt another ventilation. After summoning EMS for a victim who is conscious and bleeding severely, and after obtaining consent and putting on gloves, what should you do next? - ANSWER Press firmly against the wound with a sterile dressing and apply bandaging. The bleachers at a swim meet suddenly collapse. Out of all the symptoms in the crowd, you should first care for... - ANSWER An unconscious victim. A victim has slurred speech, cannot lift their right arm level with the left, is unable to smile and half her face is drooping. What would you assume has happened? - ANSWER A stroke. As the only lifeguard performing CPR on an 7-year old, you would perform cycles of... - ANSWER 30 chest compressions and 2 ventilations. You notice a child is choking on food at the concession stand. After activating your EAP and getting consent from the parents, what should you do next? - ANSWER If conscious: Encourage child to cough food out. Not conscious: Stand or kneel behind the victim and give 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts. If there is a risk of the AED pads touching each other on a small child or infant, you should... - ANSWER Place one pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back. Where should you place your hands when giving CPR to an infant? - ANSWER One hand on the forehead and two or three fingers on the center of the chest. How deep should you compress the chest when giving CPR to an adult? - ANSWER At least 2 inches. (2 inches or more) To ensure effective chest compressions during CPR, what should be noted? - ANSWER The chest is able to fully recoil between compressions. If you have a victim that is an adult and is unconscious with a pulse but is not breathing, what rate should you perform rescue breathing at? Child/Infant? - ANSWER Adult: 1 ventilation every 5 seconds. Child: 1 every 3 seconds You are giving ventilations through a resuscitation mask, and the victim vomits. What should you do? - ANSWER Turn the victim as a unit onto his or her side (similar to HAINES recovery position). When applying the AED, you notice the victim has several body piercings on their chest. How should you place the pads accordingly? - ANSWER Place the pads on their chest, being sure to avoid the jewelry. During a primary assessment, what should you check first (after ensuring the scene is safe)? - ANSWER Check the victim for responsiveness. An infant is crying uncontrollably. You could safely assume that their airway is... - ANSWER Open. When caring for musculoskeletal injuries, what does RICE stand for? - ANSWER Rest, Immobilize, Cold, Elevate A victim is having a seizure in the water. What should you do? - ANSWER Support the victim with his or her head above water until the seizure ends. How can you protect yourself from possible bloodborne pathogens when treating a victim? - ANSWER Use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as disposable gloves and a breathing barrier. Sudden illness can be identified by many things, including... - ANSWER Loss of vision or blurred vision, changes in skin condition, or nausea/vomiting. What is the universal sign that a person is choking? - ANSWER Clutching the throat. You are performing CPR when a second lifeguard arrives. What is most appropriate for the second lifeguard to do first? - ANSWER Check to see whether EMS personell have been called. What is the first step in the Cardiac Chain of Survival? - ANSWER Early recognition and access to emergency medical services (EMS) system. You must keep checking a