NURSING MSN 571 - Quiz 2 Study Guide.

NURSING MSN 571 - Quiz 2 Study Guide.1. Selective Toxicity: The ability of a drug to injure a target cell or target organism without injuring other cells or organisms that are in intimate contact with the target. Refers to the ability of an antibiotic to injure only invading microbes and avoiding injuring the host. 2. Culture and Sensitivity test: Is a test done when trying to treat for infection. Culture is to determine the bacteria or fungus causing the infection . Sensitivity checks for what kind of medicine will work best against the bacteria or fungus. Test used to test drug sensitivity is the disk diffusion test, also known as the kirby-bauer test. 3. Mechanisms of Resistance : decreases concentration of a drug at its site of action; alters the structure of a drug target molecules; produces a drug antagonist; causes drug inactivation. Broad spectrum antibiotics promote the emergence of drug resistance. 4. CYP3A4: inhibitor is Drugs used for erectile dysfunction ; it suppresses the metabolism of sildenafil (viagra), thereby increasing its level. Combination should be used with caution. ● Intraconazole (antifungal) inhibits CYP3A4 5. CYP450: Cytochrome P450 Enzyme 17 inhibitor Abiraterone ( Zytiga) indicated for combined use with prednisone to treat metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, if castration has not occured it can inhibit androgen production by the testes. Ketoconazole ( Nizoral) used for fungal infections, can be used off label for prostate ● Azoles( antifungal ) has the ability to inhibit CYP450