Module 1 exam Question and Answers Exam (elaborations)

Module 1 exam Question and Answers Exam (elaborations) A nurse is providing information to a group of pregnant clients and their partners about the psychosocial development of an infant. Using Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the nurse tells the group that infants: A. Need to experience frustration, so it is best to allow an infant to cry for a while before meeting his or her needs B. Must have needs ignored for short periods to develop a healthy personality C. Rely on the fact that their needs will be met D. Need to tolerate a great deal of frustration and discomfort to develop a healthy personality C. Rely on the fact that their needs will be met Rationale: According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, infants struggle to establish a sense of basic trust rather than a sense of basic mistrust in their world, their caregivers, and themselves. If provided with consistent satisfying experiences that are delivered in a timely manner, infants come to rely on the fact that their needs are met and that, in turn, they will be able to tolerate some degree of frustration and discomfort until those needs are met. This sense of confidence is an early form of trust and provides the foundation for a healthy personality. Therefore the other options are incorrect. A nurse is weighing a breastfed 6-month-old infant who has been brought to the pediatrician's office for a scheduled visit. The infant's weight at birth was 6 lb 8 oz. The nurse notes that the infant now weighs 13 lb. The nurse should: A. Tell the mother that semisolid foods should not be introduced until the infant's weight stabilizes B. Tell the mother to decrease the daily number of feedings because the weight gain is excessive C. Tell the mother that the infant should be switched from breast milk to formula because the weight gain is inadequate D. Tell the mother that the infant's weight is increasing as expected D. Tell the mother that the infant's weight is increasing as expected Rationale: Infants usually double their birth weight by 6 months and triple it by 1 year of age. If the infant is 6 lb 8 oz, at birth, a weight of 13 lb at 6 months of age is to be expected. Semisolid foods are usually introduced between 4 and 6 months of age. A licensed practical nurse (LPN) is assisting a registered nurse (RN) perform a physical assessment of a 12 month old infant. The RN comments that the infant's head circumference is the same as the chest circumference. On the basis of this finding, the LPN anticipates that the RN will take which action? A. Tell the mother that the infant is growing faster than expected B. Report the presence of hydrocephalus to the healthcare provider C. Document these measurements in the infant's health-care record D. Suggest to the healthcare provider that a skull x-ray be performed C. Document these measurements in the infant's health-care record Rationale: The head circumference growth rate during the first year is approximately 0.4 inch (1 cm) per month. By 10 to 12 months of age, the infant's head and chest circumferences are equal. Therefore, suspecting the presence of hydrocephalus, telling the mother that the infant is growing faster than expected, and suggesting that a skull x-ray be performed are incorrect. A new mother asks the nurse,