NURS 6501 PATHO FINAL EXAM VERSION # 3 (100% Correct)

Question 1. A patient has defective secretion of the intrinsic factor leading to anemia. What treatment option does the healthcare professional discuss with the patient? Selected Answer: Vitamin B 12 injections initially given once a week. Question 2. A health care professional is teaching a group of college women about increasing calcium in the diet to prevent osteoporosis. A participant asks at what age is peak bone mass is reached in women. What response is best? Selected Answer: 30 years. Question 3. A healthcare professional in an urban clinic is seeing a patient who has iron deficiency anemia (IDA). What question by the professional is most appropriate to assess for the cause of IDA? Selected Answer: Have you ever noticed any blood in your stool? Question 4. How should the healthcare professional reply when parents question why a computed tomographic (CT) scan of the head was not ordered for their 5-year-old child after a minor fall? Selected Answer: Research suggests that repeated CT scans can increase the risk of developing brain cancer. Question 5. A health care professional determines that the student needs more education when the student makes which statement about treating bone infection? (tricky question) Selected Answer: Bacteria are walled off by macrophages and T lymphocytes; consequently, the antibiotics cannot penetrate the infected area. Question 6. Which statement by the professor best describes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)? Selected Answer: A pulmonary disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased pulmonary compliance, and the presence of bilateral infiltrates on chest x-ray imaging. Question 7. What is the effect of low plasma albumin? Selected Answer: Osmotic pressure decreases; thus, water moves from the capillaries to the interstitium. Question 8. A patient has been hospitalized with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The patient asks how this could have occurred. What response by the healthcare professional is best? Selected Answer: It is often preceded by a viral illness. (Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rapid-onset muscle weakness caused by the immune system damaging the peripheral nervous system. Typically, both sides of the body are involved, and the initial symptoms are changes in sensation or pain often in the back along with muscle weakness, beginning in the feet and hands, often spreading to the arms and upper body.) Question 9. A student reads in a chart that a child has been diagnosed with mixed precocious puberty and asks for an explanation. What explanation by the healthcare professional is most accurate? Selected Answer: When a child develops some secondary sex characteristics of the opposite sex. (e.g., virilization of a girl, or feminization of a boy). Question 10. A patient reports joint stiffness with movement and joint pain in weightbearing joints that is usually relieved by rest. What treatment option does the health care professional discuss with the patient? Selected Answer: Exercise and weight reduction. Question 11. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system abnormalities exist in a large percentage of individuals with what? Selected Answer: Major depression. This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :42:27 GMT -06:00 Question 12. Which statement by the healthcare professional accurately describes childhood asthma? Selected Answer: An obstructive airway disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity, and inflammation. Question 13. What does the student learn distinguishes kwashiorkor from marasmus? Selected Answer: Subcutaneous fat, hepatomegaly, and fatty liver are present in kwashiorkor. Question 14. A patient has primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and is hospitalized after a bleeding episode. What treatment does the healthcare provider anticipate being ordered for this patient? Selected Answer: Infusion of IVIG. Question 15. A man reports to the healthcare professional that he had a sudden onset of malaise, low back pain, and perineal pain with high fever and chills, dysuria, nocturia, and urinary retention. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Assist the man in obtaining a urine sample. Question 16. What is the role of thromboxane A (TXA 2) in the secretion stage of hemostasis? Selected Answer: Stimulates platelet aggregation. Question 17. A woman who is positive for hepatitis B is in labor. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Immunize the newborn within 12 hours. Question 18. A person has been diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea and wants to know why ibuprofen is a good choice for pain control. What response by the health care professional is best? Selected Answer: It reduces the production of prostaglandins in your body. Question 19. A preschool teacher notices a child who has burrows on the hands that are several millimeters to 1 cm long, papules, and vesicular lesions. What other assessment finding would help the teacher determine the type of infestation the child has? Selected Answer: Ask the child if itching occurs especially at night. Question 20. Compared with an adult, an infant has a greater content of extracellular fluid, as well as a greater rate of fluid exchange. What effect does this have on the fluid balance of a child compared with that of an adult? Selected Answer: The control of dehydration is more difficult.