UNH nutrition exam 1 study guide 2022/2023

Nutrition - Answer- Science of how living organisms obtain and use food to support the required proccess What are the required processes - Answer- Fuel, Build, and Maintain all body cells Nurtients - Answer- Substances in food used by body for energy, maintenance, and regulation 6 classes of nutrients - Answer- Carbs, proteins, lipids, water, vitamins, and minerals What are the three nutrient characteristics - Answer- 1. Provide energy 2. Growth and development 3. Smooth body functions Essential nurtients - Answer- Must get them in diet Body needs them Removal of them leads to a decline in biological funtion Nonessential nutrients - Answer- Not needed to obtain diet Body makes enough of it Can support health Macro-nutrients and examples - Answer- Large quantities (>1 gram per day) Examples- Carbs, proteins, fats, water Micro-nutrients and examples - Answer- Smaller amounts (<1 gram per day) Examples- vitamins and minerals 4,4,7,9 rule - Answer- Carbs have 4kcals/g Proteins have 4kcals/g Alcohol have 7kcals/g Fats have 9kcals/g Carbohydrates (simple and complex) - Answer- Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Simple= sugars Complex=startch Proteins - Answer- Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen Main structural component of the body Lipids - Answer- Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Oils and animal fat Saturated and unsaturated Wa