Pharm HESI - Evolve Review And HESI Practice Test Questions UPDATED 2022 A+ GUARANTEED OVER 300 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Pharm HESI - Evolve Review And HESI Practice Test Questions UPDATED 2022 A+ GUARANTEED OVER 300 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS What should you avoid with anticholingergics? hot and humid weather S/S of medication in Parkinson's increased HR/body temp, hallucinations Benztropine -for parkinsonism -s/e: absent bowel sound (possible ileus), dry mouth, mydriasis What should you administer for anticholinergic syndrome? physostigmine salicylate What should you monitor with dicyclomine? GI motility Atropine s/e dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention Cholinergic agonists -dont sit upright rapidly -monitor BP Bethanechol (cholinergic) -for neurogenic bladder -contraindication: asthma -monitor: bronchospasm, tachycardia, seizure, upset GI Pilocarpine (cholinergic) -for glaucoma -apply gentle pressure to nasolacrimal site after administration Metoclopramide (antiemetic) success indicated by decreased n/v What do beta1 receptor blockers do? decrease HR, conduction, contractility, and lower pulse Sotalol (BB, Antidysrhythmic) only available orally Side effects of BB dizziness, bradycardia, hypotension Esmolol (BB, anti-arrhythmic) for supraventricular tachydysrhythmias Atenolol (BB) for hypertension Propranolol (BB) for hypertension, blocks b1/2 receptors Adrenergic agents -increased HR, contractility, and conductivity -contraindication: severe hypertension What should you monitor first with adrenergic agonists? BP Midodrine (alpha 1 agonist) -for orthostatic hypotension -take BP frequently Phentolamine (alpha agnoist) -for hypertension -given SC -dopamine extravasation S/E of adrenergic agonists tremors, dizziness, palpitations, tachycardia, hypertension Caverdilol (adrenergic agonist) for heart failure, angina, and hypertension What does increased body fat in older adults lead to? increased drug storage, reduced elimination and prolonged period of action What calcium is preferred for older adults? calcium citrate What decreases with age? renal excretion What is an indicator of potential drug toxicity with older adults? confusion What is the percentage of total body water reduction in older adults? 10-15% How should you administer medications to older patients? start low, go slow What might help elderly patients take medications? memory aids, pill organizers, and alarms The drug life is ________ in older patients lengthened What is reduced in older adults? metabolism Where does metabolism occur in? liver When does GI microbial colonization reach adult levels? adolescence At what age does that intestinal surface match an adults? 20 weeks When does gastric emptying and GI motility approach that of an adults'? 6-8 months At 12 months old, hepatic blood flow matches and adult Echinacea