A&P I Lab: Exercise 4-The Cell - Anatomy and Division questions and answers 2022

A&P I Lab: Exercise 4-The Cell - Anatomy and Division questions and answers 2022Organelle Small structures that are metabolic machinery of the cell Cell the structural and functional unit of all living things What functions do all cells have in common? Metabolize, digest nutrients and dispose of wastes, grow and reproduce, move and respond to a stimulus Plasma Membrane external boundary of cell; regulates flow of materials into and out of the cell; site of cell signaling Lysosomes contains digestive enzymes of many varieties; "suicide sac" of the cell Mitochondria scattered throughout the cell; major site of ATP synthesis Microvilli slender extensions of the plasma membrane that increase its surface area Inclusion stored glycogen granules, crystals, pigments, and so on Golgi Apparatus membranous system consisting of flattened sacs and vesicles; packages proteins for export Nucleus control center of the cell; necessary for cell division and cell life Centrioles two rod-shaped bodies near the nucleus; direct formation of the mitotic spindle Nucleolous dense, darkly staining nuclear body; packaging site for ribosomes Microfilaments contractile elements of the cytoskeleton Endoplasmic Reticulum membranous system; involved in intracellular transport of proteins and synthesis of membrane lipids Ribosomes attached to membrane systems or scattered in the cytoplasmic; synthesize proteins Chromatin threadlike structures in the nucleus; contain genetic material (DNA) Peroxisomes site of free radical detoxication Mitosis phases in order Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis Importance of Mitotic Cell Division to make a greater amount of cells for repair and growth while maintaining the same genetic makeup Mitosis is the division of the _______ Nucleus Cytokinesis is the division of the _______ Cytoplasm The major structural difference between chromatin and chromosomes is that the latter are _______ coiled Chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers by undivided structures called _______ centrosomes If a cell undergoes mitosis but not cytokinesis, the product is a _______ multinucleated cell The structure that acts as a scaffolding for chromosomal attachment and movement is called the _______ spindle The period of cell life when the cell is not involved in division is _______ interphase Two cell populations in the body that do not routinely undergo cell division are _______ and _______ skeletal and cordiac Chromatin coils and condenses, forming chromosomes during _______ Prophase Chromosomes are V-shaped during _______ Anaphase The nuclear envelope re-forms during _______ Telophase Chromosomes stop moving toward the poles during _______ Telophase Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during _______ Metaphase The nuclear fragments during _______ Prophase The mitotic spindle forms during _______ Prophase DNA synthesis occurs during _______ Interphase Centrioles replicate during _______ Interphase Chromosomes first appear to be duplex structures during _______ Prophase Chromosomal centrosomes are attached to the kinetochore fibers during _______ Prophase