Complete Test Bank Essentials of Kinesiology for the Physical Therapist Assistant 3rd Edition Mansfield Questions & Answers with rationales (Chapter 1-13)

Essentials of Kinesiology for the Physical Therapist Assistant 3rd Edition Mansfield Test Bank Chapter 01: Basic Principles of Kinesiology Mansfield: Essentials of Kinesiology for the Physical Therapist Assistant, 3rd Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Translation occurs when: a. All parts of a body move in the same direction as every other part b. All parts of a body move in opposite directions c. A body moves around an axis of rotation d. The center of mass is constant ANS: A Translation occurs when all parts of a body move in the same direction as every other part. PTS: 1 2. If a clinician provided the force necessary to move a person’s limb through the ranges of motion, this movement would demonstrate: a. Active movements c. Simulated movements b. Gravitational range of motion d. Passive range of motion ANS: D Passive movement is generated by sources other than muscular activation, and movement generated in this way demonstrates passive range of motion. PTS: 1 3. The motion of bones relative to the three cardinal planes of the body is known as: a. Transverse adjustment c. Osteokinematics b. Anatomic positioning d. Pivot point rot ANS: C Osteokinematics describes the motion of bones relative to the three cardinal planes of the body: sagittal, frontal, and horizontal. PTS: 1 4. describes a circular motion through two planes. a. Adduction c. Flexion b. Circumduction d. Extension ANS: B Circumduction describes a circular motion through two planes; therefore joints must have at least 2 degrees of freedom in order to circumduct. PTS: 1 5. When multiple points along one rotating articular surface contact multiple points on another articular surface, this is known as a: a. Roll c. Spin b. Slide d. Lever ANS: A Multiple points along one rotating articular surface contacting multiple points on another articular surface, such as a tire rotating across a stretch of pavement, is known as a roll. PTS: 1 6. Rotation describes: a. The arc of movement of a body about an axis b. Movements generated by an active muscle c. Movements generated by non -muscular activation such as gravity d. Motion of the sagittal plane ANS: A Rotation describes the arc of movement of a body about an axis of rotation. PTS: 1 7. The plane dividing the body into right and left halves is the: a. Frontal plane c. Sagittal plane b. Horizontal plane d. Transverse plane ANS: C The plane dividing the body into right and left halves is the sagittal plane. PTS: 1 8. are used in kinesiology to represent the magnitude and direction of a force. a. Axes of rotation c. Levers b. Vectors d. External torques ANS: B Vectors are used in kinesiology to represent the magnitude and direction of a force. The magnitude of the force is indicated by the relative length of the vector line, and the direction is indicated by the orientation of the arrowhead. PTS: 1 9. The moment arm is defined as: a. Tension generated from ligamentous elongation b. The arthrokinematic spin occurring in the shoulder c. Motion occurring between the articular surfaces of joints d. The length between the axis of rotation and the perpendicular intersection of the force ANS: D This distance, called the moment arm, is the length between the axis of rotation and the perpendicular intersection of the force. PTS: 1 10. The amount of generated across a joint depends on the amount of force exerted and the distance between the force and the axis of rotation. a. Torque c. Slide b. Lever strength d. Closed -chain motion ANS: A The amount of torque generated across a joint depends on the amount of force exerted and the distance between the force and the axis of rotation. PTS: 1 11. Movement of the distal segment of bone about a relatively fixed proximal segment is often referred to as a(n) . a. Closed -chain motion c. Open -chain motion b. Arthrokinematic loop d. Convex articulation ANS: C Movement of the distal segment of bone about a relatively fixed proximal segment is often referred to as an open -chain motion. PTS: 1 12. Movement of the proximal segment of bone about a relatively fixed —or stationary —distal segment is referred to as a(n) . a. Closed -chain motio nTESTBANKSEL Lc.ERO.pCenO-cMhain motion b. Arthrokinematic loop d. Convex articulation ANS: A Movement of the proximal segment of bone about a relatively fixed —or stationary —distal segment is referred to as a closed -chain motion. PTS: 1 13. The motion of a top moving in one spot on the floor would best be described as a. Roll c. Slide b. Spin d. Drop ANS: B The motion of a top moving in one spot on the floor would best be described as spin. PTS: 1 14. Both passive and active forces generated from within the body are known as a. External forces c. Extrinsic movements b. Intrinsic movements d. Internal forces ANS: D Internal forces are forces generated from within the body. Generally these are active forces generated by muscular contraction, but many times passive internal forces such as tension generated from ligamentous or muscular elong ation must be considered as well. PTS: 1 TRUE/FALSE 1. The origins of the word kinesiology are from the Greek kinesis , “to move,” and ology , “to study.” a. True b. False ANS: T The origins of the word kinesiology are from the Greek kinesis, “to move,” and ology, “to study.” PTS: 1 2. Kinematics is a branch of biomechanics that deals only with the effects of torque on the body. a. True b. False ANS: F Kinematics is a branch oTf bEiSomTeBcAhaNnKicSs EthLatLdEeRsc.riCbeOsMthe motion of a body without r egard to the forces that produce the motion. PTS: 1 3. The sagittal plane divides the body into left and right halves. a. True b. False ANS: T The sagittal plane divides the body into left and right halves. Typically flexion and extension movements occur in the sagittal plane. PTS: 1 4. The frontal plane divides the body into upper and lower sections. a. True b. False ANS: F The frontal plane divides the body into front and back sections. Nearly all abducti on and adduction motions occur in the frontal plane. PTS: 1