NURSING 4530 Exam 1 Study Guide

Exam 1 Study Guide Chap. 2 Two drug phases 1.Pharmacokinetic phase 2.Pharmacodynamic Phase Pharmacokinetic Phase: is the process of drug movement through the body necessary to achieve drug action. Includes Absorption, Distribuion, Metabolism, and Excretion. Pharmacodynamic Phase: is the study of the effects of drug on the body. ( Receptor binding, post receptor effects, and chemical reactions). Digestion starts in the mouth-Salvia starts the breakdown!!!! Pharmacokinetic Phase: Absorption is the movement of the drug through the blood stream after its administration. Disintegrations is the breakdown of the oral drug into smaller particles. Dissolution is the time it takes the drug to disintegrate and dissolve to become available for absorption. Acidic is faster than alkaline environment. Absorption methods Passive transport Diffusion: is across the semipermeable membrane high to low concentration. Requires no energy. It stops when the concentration is equation on both sides of the membrane. In oral drugs GI (higher concentration) moves to the blood stream (lower concentration). Facilitated diffusion: is the same principal but requires a carrier protein to move the drug. Active Transport Requires carrier and energy to move the drug against the concentration gradient