Diabetes Mellitus NCLEX Style Questions and Answers Latest questions AND answered

What is the mechanism that results in Kussmaul respiration? To compensate for metabolic acidosis, the respiration are deep and rapid Classic clinical manifestations of diabetes Three Ps polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia The nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of diabetes. The nurse notes the patient's toenails are thick and ingrown. Which instruction should the nurse provide? 1. Soak feet in Epsom salts daily. 2. Use a clean, sharp razor blade to trim the toenails. 3. Make an appointment with a foot care specialist. 4. Trim nails to follow the curve of the toe. Correct Answer: 3 Rationale 1: Soaking of the feet is not advisable. Rationale 2: Sharp instruments or razor blades should never be used to self-treat foot problems. Rationale 3: The toenails of the patient with diabetes require careful attention. Problems should be addressed by a foot care specialist. A diabetic patient complains of frequent corns and asks for information about managing the condition. What is the nurse's best response? 1. "Make sure you select shoes that fit correctly." 2. "You can use corn pads to gradually remove the growths." 3. "Corns are best treated by shaving them off." 4. "Apply a generous amount of emollient lotion on and between the toes twice daily." Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: Corns can be prevented by wearing correctly fitting shoes. Rationale 2: Corn pads are not an option for the diabetic patient. Rationale 3: Shaving treatments to remove corns are not an option for the diabetic patient. Rationale 4: Lotion between the toes should ALWAYS be avoided.