Wk2 Saccharin and Permethrin Summary 2.docx Human Health Risk Assessment: Toxicology of Permethrin and Saccharin University of Phoenix ENV/420

Human Health Risk Assessment: Toxicology of Permethrin and Saccharin University of Phoenix ENV/420 This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :34:45 GMT -06:00 Wk2 Saccharin and Permethrin Summary Human Health Risk Assessment: Toxicology of Permethrin and Saccharin University of Phoenix ENV/420 2 Toxicology of Permethrin and Saccharin Summary Permethrin is a pesticide in the Pyrethroid Class, this weak carcinogen is EPA and FDA approved with conditions on its use. This pesticide is highly beneficial throughout the agricultural industry and is also used in the pharmaceutical industry as topical creams. Toxicity reports mention the extreme dangers to aquatic organisms through runoff, as well as honeybees and other beneficial insects through direct contact (EPA. Permethrin Facts, 2006). This product caused benign lung and liver tumors in mice but the level of concern for this toxin is low for mammals except when it is in close range to a human, such as within a home or touching the skin. Saccharin is a substance that is found as artificial sweeteners such as Sweet N’ Low, banned in 1981, it is now unbanned and used in various food products (Touyz, 2011). This food additive has been tested a numerous amount of times and though it caused tumors in rats it poses no harm to humans. EPA concluded that this product is safe in amounts that a human would consume, and the FDA approved it due to the results of rat exposure being irrelevant to humans (FDA, 2018). No associations have been found between this product and cancer in human foods. Human Health Risk Assessment Human health risk assessment has four steps: identify hazard, dose-response modeling, exposure assessment, and risk characterization and/or probability. Hazard identification is when a chemical is determined to be linked to health effects or not. A dose-response model is “developed to relate dose and response data in the range of empirical observation.” (Marks, H. & Coleman, M., 2005) Exposure assessment “quantifies the intake of an agent resulting from contact with various environmental media.” (Marks, H., & Coleman, M., 2005) This step looks at the past, present, and future exposures to anticipate health risks. Lastly, we have the risk