Exam (elaborations) TEST BANK FOR_SERWAY AND VUILLE’S_COLLEGE PHYSICS NINTH EDITION, VOLUMES 1 & 2

1. Since 1983 the standard meter has been defined in terms of which of the following? a. specific alloy bar housed at Sevres, France b. wavelength of light emitted by krypton-86 c. distance from the Earth's equator to the North Pole d. the distance light travels in a certain fraction of a second ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.1 Standards of Length, Mass, and Time 2. Since 1967 the standard definition for the second has been based on which of the following? a. characteristic frequency of the cesium-133 atom b. average solar day c. sidereal day d. Greenwich Civil Time ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.1 Standards of Length, Mass, and Time 3. In mechanics, physicists use three basic quantities to derive additional quantities. Mass is one of the three quantities. What are the other two? a. length and force b. power and force c. length and time d. force and time ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.1 Standards of Length, Mass, and Time 4. The prefixes which are abbreviated p, n, and G represent which of the following? a. 10-2, 10-6, and 1015 b. 10-9, 106, and 1010 c. 10-12, 10-9, and 109 d. 10-15, 10-6, and 1012 ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.1 Standards of Length, Mass, and Time 5. The ratio M/m of the prefixes M and m has what value? a. 103 b. 106 c. 109 d. 1018 ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 TOP: 1.1 Standards of Length, Mass, and Time 6. One year is about ____ seconds while one day is exactly ____ seconds. a. 3.16 ´ 107, 86 400 b. 5.26 ´ 105, 86 400 c. 3.16 ´ 107, 8 640 d. 1.04 ´ 106, 36 000 ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 TOP: 1.1 Standards of Length, Mass, and Time 7. The nuclei of atoms contain a. electrons only. b. neutrons only. c. protons and electrons. d. protons and neutrons. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.2 The Building Blocks of Matter 8. When was the existence of the neutron confirmed? a. in ancient times b. in 1895 c. in 1932 d. in 1969 ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.2 The Building Blocks of Matter 9. The proton contains which of the following combination of quarks? a. two up quarks and one down quark b. one up quark and two down quarks c. one top quark and two bottom quarks d. two top quarks and one bottom quark ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 TOP: 1.2 The Building Blocks of Matter 10. Which formula is dimensionally consistent with an expression yielding a value for velocity? (a is acceleration, x is distance, and t is time) a. v/t2 b. vx2 c. v2/t d. at ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.3 Dimensional Analysis 11. Which expression is dimensionally consistent with an expression that would yield a value for time-1? (v is velocity, x is distance, and t is time) a. v/x b. v2/x c. x/t d. v2t ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.3 Dimensional Analysis 12. If the displacement of an object, x, is related to velocity, v, according to the relation x = Av, the constant, A, has the dimension of which of the following? a. acceleration b. length c. time d. area ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.3 Dimensional Analysis 13. The speed of a boat is often given in knots. If a speed of 5 knots were expressed in the SI system of units, the units would be: a. m. b. s. c. m/s. d. kg/s. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.3 Dimensional Analysis 14. If a is acceleration, v is velocity, x is position, and t is time, then which equation is not dimensionally correct? a. t = x/v b. a = v2/x c. v = a/t d. t2 = 2x/a ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.3 Dimensional Analysis 15. Suppose an equation relating position, x, to time, t, is given by x = b t3 + c t4, where b and c are constants. The dimensions of b and c are respectively: a. T3, T4. b. 1/T3, 1/T4. c. L/T3, L/T4. d. L2×T3, L2×T4. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 TOP: 1.3 Dimensional Analysis 16. Areas always have dimensions ____ while volumes always have dimensions ____. a. m2, m3 b. L2, L3 c. Both a and b are correct. d. No answer is correct because of the "always." ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.3 Dimensional Analysis 17. Which one of the choices below represents the preferred practice regarding significant figures when adding the following: 12.4 + 11 + 67.37 + 4.201? a. 94.971 b. 94.97 c. 95.0 d. 95 ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures 18. Which one of the choices below represents the preferred practice regarding significant figures when multiplying the following: 10.5 ´ 8.8 ´ 3.14? a. 290 b. 290.136 c. 290.1 d. 300 ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures 19. Calculate (0.82 + 0.042) ´ (4.4 ´ 103), keeping only significant figures. a. 3 800 b. 3 784 c. 3 793 d. 3 520 ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures 20. The length and width of a standard sheet of paper is measured, and then the area is found by calculation to be 93.50 in2. The number of significant figures in the width measurement must be at least: a. 1. b. 2. c. 3. d. 4. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures 21. The number 0.000 17 has how many significant figures? a. 2 b. 3 c. 5 d. 6 ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 TOP: 1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures 22. Multiplying a 2 significant figure number by a 3 significant figure number and then dividing the product by a six significant figure number yields a number with how many significant figures? a. 5/6 b. 1 c. 2 d. 11 ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 TOP: 1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures 23. Assume when using a meter stick measuring can be done so that the last significant figure is in the tenth of a millimeter digit. If you are measuring an object with length between 6 and 7 cm, how many significant figures will result if you only use the part of the meter stick between the 1-cm and 9-cm positions? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. more than 4 ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures 24. Assume when using a meter stick measuring can be done so that the last significant figure is in the tenth of a millimeter digit. If you are measuring an object with length between 6 and 7 cm, how many significant figures will result if you only use the part of the meter stick between the 82- and 95-cm positions? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. more than 4 ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 TOP: 1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures 25. Assume when using a meter stick measuring can be done so that the last significant figure is in the tenth of a millimeter digit. If you are measuring an object with length between 25 and 57 cm, how many significant figures will result if you only use the part of the meter stick between the 2- and 95-cm positions? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. more than 4 ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 TOP: 1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures 26. How many significant figures does the number 1 700 have? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. One cannot tell with certainty when the number is written in the given form, but it will be one of the other given answers. ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures 27. In the text are the following conversion factors: i. 1 mi = 1 609 m ii. 1 m = 39.37 in. iii. 1 ft = 30.48 cm iv. 1 in. = 2.54 cm The 1 on the left hand side is assumed to have the same number of significant figures as the number on the right hand side of each of these equations. However, 2 of these conversion factors are exact, and this means they have the equivalent of an unlimited number of significant figures when used in calculations. Which 2 are the exact conversion factors? a. i and ii b. i and iii c. ii and iii d. iii and iv ANS: D PTS: 1 TOP: 1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement and Significant Figures | 1.5 Conversion of Units 28. On planet Q the standard unit of volume is called the guppy. Space travelers from Earth have determined that one liter = 38.2 guppies. How many guppies are in 150 liters? a. 5 730 guppies b. 0.255 guppies c. 3.93 guppies d. 188 guppies ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.5 Conversion of Units 29. On planet Z, the standard unit of length is the foose. Ann the Astronaut is 5.90 feet tall on earth. She lands on planet Z and is measured to be 94 foosi tall. Her partner Rachael is 88 foosi tall. How tall is Rachael on Earth? a. 5.2 feet b. 5.5 feet c. 5.8 feet d. 6.3 feet ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 TOP: 1.5 Conversion of Units 30. A furlong is a distance of 220 yards. A fortnight is a time period of two weeks. A race horse is running at a speed of 5.00 yards per second. What is his speed in furlongs per fortnight? a. 27 500 furlongs/fortnight b. 13 700 furlongs/fortnight c. 6 220 furlongs/fortnight d. 2 750 furlongs/fortnight ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 TOP: 1.5 Conversion of Units 31. A cereal box has the dimensions of 0.19 m ´ 0.28 m ´ 0.070 m. If there are 3.28 feet per meter, then what is the volume of the box in cubic feet? a. 0.13 cubic feet b. 0.040 cubic feet c. 0.012 cubic feet d. 0.003 7 cubic feet ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.5 Conversion of Units 32. The distance to the Andromeda Galaxy is estimated at about 2 ´ 106 light years. A light year is the distance traveled by light in one year; if the speed of light is 3 ´ 108 m/s, about how far is it from our galaxy to Andromeda? (1 year = 3.15 ´ 107 s) a. 10 ´ 1015 m b. 1 ´ 1018 m c. 2 ´ 1022 m d. 6 ´ 1012 m ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 TOP: 1.5 Conversion of Units 33. A cement truck can pour 20 cubic yards of cement per hour. Express this in ft3/min. a. 1/3 ft3/min b. 1.0 ft3/min c. 3 ft3/min d. 9 ft3/min ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 TOP: 1.5 Conversion of Units 34. Water flows into a swimming pool at the rate of 8.0 gal/min. The pool is 16 ft wide, 32 ft long and 8.0 ft deep. How long does it take to fill? (1 U.S. gallon = 231 cubic inches) a. 32 hours b. 64 hours c. 48 hours d. 24 hours ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 TOP: 1.5 Conversion of Units 35. When NASA was communicating with astronauts on the moon, the time from sending on the Earth to receiving on the moon was 1.28 s. Find the distance from Earth to the moon. (The speed of radio waves is 3.00 ´ 108 m/s.) a. 240 000 km b. 384 000 km c. 480 000 km d. 768 000 km ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 TOP: 1.5 Conversion of Units 36. The mass of the sun is 2.0 ´ 1030 kg, and the mass of a hydrogen atom is 1.67 ´ 10-27 kg. If we assume that the sun is mostly composed of hydrogen, how many atoms are there in the sun? a. 1.2 ´ 1056 atoms b. 3.4 ´ 1056 atoms c. 1.2 ´ 1057 atoms d. 2.4 ´ 1057 atoms ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 TOP: 1.5 Conversion of Units 37. The information on a one-gallon paint can is that the coverage, when properly applied, is 450 ft2. One gallon is 231 in3. What