Exam (elaborations) TEST BANK FOR Energy Management 7th Edition By Pawlik, Klaus-Dieter E. and Capehart, Barney L (Solutions Manual)

Introduction to Energy Management Problem: For your university or organization, list some energy management projects that might be good “first ones,” or early selections. Solution: Early projects should have a rapid payback, a high probability of success, and few negative consequences (increasing/decreasing the air-conditioning/heat, or reducing lighting levels). Examples: Switching to a more efficient light source (especially in conditioned areas where one not only saves with the reduced power consumption of the lamps but also from reduced refrigeration or air-conditioning load). Repairing steam leaks. Small steam leaks become large leaks over time. Insulating hot fluid pipes and tanks. Install high efficiency motors. And many more 2 Solutions Manual for Guide to Energy Management Problem: Again for your university or organization, assume you are starting a program and are defining goals. What are some potential first-year goals? Solution: Goals should be tough but achievable, measurable, and specific. Examples: Total energy per unit of production will drop by 10 percent for the first and an additional 5 percent the second. Within 2 years all energy consumers of 5 million British thermal units per hour (Btuh) or larger will be separately metered for monitoring purposes. Each plant in the division will have an active energy management program by the end of the first year. All plants will have contingency plans for gas curtailments of varying duration by the end of the first year. All boilers of 50,000 lbm/hour or larger will be examined for waste heat recovery potential the first year. Introduction to Energy Management 3 Problem: Perform the following energy conversions and calculations: a) A spherical balloon with a diameter of ten feet is filled with natural gas. How much energy is contained in that quantity of natural gas? b) How many Btu are in 200 therms of natural gas? How many Btu in 500 gallons of 92 fuel oil? c) An oil tanker is carrying 20,000 barrels of #2 fuel oil. If each gallon of fuel oil will generate 550 kWh of electric energy in a power plant, how many kWh can be generated from the oil in the tanker? d) How much coal is required at a power plant with a heat rate of 10,000 Btu/kWh to run a 6 kW electric resistance heater constantly for 1 week (16 8 hours)? e) A large city has a population which is served by a single electric utility which burns coal to generate electrical energy. If there are 500,000 utility customers using an average of 12,000 kWh per year, how many tons of coal must be burned in the power plants if the heat rate is 10,500 Btu/kWh? f) Consider an electric heater with a 4,500 watt heating element. Assuming that the water heater is 98% efficient, how long will it take to heat 50 gallons of water from 70 degree F to 140 degree F?