1
NUR 254 Exam 1: 200 Comprehensive Q&A
With Rationales for Maternal-Newborn &
Pediatric Nursing Success
Section 1: Reproductive Anatomy &
Physiology
Q1. The nurse is teaching a group of
adolescent females about the menstrual
cycle. Which hormone is responsible for
triggering ovulation?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
☑VERIFIED ANSWER: C) Luteinizing
hormone (LH)
,2
Rationale: A surge in LH triggers ovulation—
the release of a mature ovum from the
ovarian follicle. Estrogen and FSH play roles
in follicle development and maturation,
while progesterone dominates the luteal
phase after ovulation .
Q2. The nurse is reviewing the layers of the
uterus. Which layer is shed during
menstruation?
A) Myometrium
B) Perimetrium
C) Endometrium (functional layer)
D) Endometrium (basal layer)
☑VERIFIED ANSWER: C) Endometrium
(functional layer)
,3
Rationale: The functional layer of the
endometrium responds to hormonal
changes and is shed during menstruation if
implantation does not occur. The basal layer
remains to regenerate the functional layer
for the next cycle .
Q3. Which structure is the typical site of
fertilization?
A) Ovary
B) Fallopian tube (ampulla)
C) Uterus
D) Cervix
☑VERIFIED ANSWER: B) Fallopian tube
(ampulla)
, 4
Rationale: Fertilization typically occurs in
the ampulla (outer third) of the fallopian
tube. The ovum is transported from the
ovary through the tube, where sperm meet
it for fertilization before the zygote travels
to the uterus for implantation .
Section 2: Fetal Development
Q4. A client at 8 weeks gestation asks when
the baby's heart starts beating. The nurse
explains that fetal heart motion can be
detected by ultrasound at approximately:
A) 4 weeks
B) 6 weeks
C) 8 weeks
D) 10 weeks
NUR 254 Exam 1: 200 Comprehensive Q&A
With Rationales for Maternal-Newborn &
Pediatric Nursing Success
Section 1: Reproductive Anatomy &
Physiology
Q1. The nurse is teaching a group of
adolescent females about the menstrual
cycle. Which hormone is responsible for
triggering ovulation?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
☑VERIFIED ANSWER: C) Luteinizing
hormone (LH)
,2
Rationale: A surge in LH triggers ovulation—
the release of a mature ovum from the
ovarian follicle. Estrogen and FSH play roles
in follicle development and maturation,
while progesterone dominates the luteal
phase after ovulation .
Q2. The nurse is reviewing the layers of the
uterus. Which layer is shed during
menstruation?
A) Myometrium
B) Perimetrium
C) Endometrium (functional layer)
D) Endometrium (basal layer)
☑VERIFIED ANSWER: C) Endometrium
(functional layer)
,3
Rationale: The functional layer of the
endometrium responds to hormonal
changes and is shed during menstruation if
implantation does not occur. The basal layer
remains to regenerate the functional layer
for the next cycle .
Q3. Which structure is the typical site of
fertilization?
A) Ovary
B) Fallopian tube (ampulla)
C) Uterus
D) Cervix
☑VERIFIED ANSWER: B) Fallopian tube
(ampulla)
, 4
Rationale: Fertilization typically occurs in
the ampulla (outer third) of the fallopian
tube. The ovum is transported from the
ovary through the tube, where sperm meet
it for fertilization before the zygote travels
to the uterus for implantation .
Section 2: Fetal Development
Q4. A client at 8 weeks gestation asks when
the baby's heart starts beating. The nurse
explains that fetal heart motion can be
detected by ultrasound at approximately:
A) 4 weeks
B) 6 weeks
C) 8 weeks
D) 10 weeks
