Exam 3: NSG 3280 / NSG3280 |
Pathophysiology for Nurses I Exam| 100%
Correctly Answered and Rated A+ | Galen
| Latest Update
What are seizures? (etiology/patho)
- Correct Answer - Transient neurological event of paroxysmal abnormal
or excessive cortical electrical discharges, alteration in membrane
potential that makes specific neurons abnormally hyperactive and
hypersensitive to changes in their environment (epileptogenic focus)
What are the clinical manifestations of seizures?
- Correct Answer - Vary by seizure type & severity; generalized, focal,
unknown, aura/prodrome, epilepsy = recurrent seizures
What are the causes of seizures?
- Correct Answer - Cerebral injury, lesions, metabolic/nutritional
disorders, idiopathic, triggered by specific stimuli: flashing lights, fever,
loud noises
,What are the diagnostics for seizures?
- Correct Answer - EEG, witnessed event, physical exam
What does a focal seizure look like?
- Correct Answer - Impaired awareness, forgetfulness
What does a generalized seizure look like?
- Correct Answer - More motor onset; muscle twitching, myoclonic
convulsing, jerky movements
What is a cerebral aneurysm? (etiology/patho)
- Correct Answer - Lesion of an artery that results in dilation &
ballooning of a segment of the vessel, most commonly caused by
subarachnoid hemorrhage, can be caused by polycystic kidney disease,
Marfan syndrome, endocarditis, neurofibromas
What are the risk factors for cerebral aneurysm?
- Correct Answer - High blood pressure, acute alcohol intoxication,
recreational drug use (cocaine), congenital defect of the medial layer of
the artery
What are the clinical manifestations of cerebral aneurysm?
, - Correct Answer - Non-rupture: warning leaks - sentinel leaks - may
occur before an aneurysm ruptures & produces severe headaches, new
onset of severe generalized headache
Rupture: sudden onset of 'worst headache of life' (thunderclap
headache), photophobia, nausea, vomiting, focal neurological deficits,
nuchal rigidity, seizure, coma
What are the diagnostics for cerebral aneurysm?
- Correct Answer - CT, MRI, CT-A, physical exam
What is Psoriatic Arthritis? (etiology/patho)
- Correct Answer - Inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis;
familial tendency, immunological reaction results in inflammatory
process
What are the diagnostics for Psoriatic Arthritis?
- Correct Answer - Positive inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP), RF &
anti-CCP labs negative (rheumatoid arthritis labs), Xray
What are the clinical manifestations of Psoriatic Arthritis?
- Correct Answer - Peak onset 30-55, peripheral joint involvement,
onycholysis of nails (raised thickening, ridging), sacroiliac & spinal
involvement, fusiform swelling of digits (dactylitis), red lesions with
silvery scaling on skin
Pathophysiology for Nurses I Exam| 100%
Correctly Answered and Rated A+ | Galen
| Latest Update
What are seizures? (etiology/patho)
- Correct Answer - Transient neurological event of paroxysmal abnormal
or excessive cortical electrical discharges, alteration in membrane
potential that makes specific neurons abnormally hyperactive and
hypersensitive to changes in their environment (epileptogenic focus)
What are the clinical manifestations of seizures?
- Correct Answer - Vary by seizure type & severity; generalized, focal,
unknown, aura/prodrome, epilepsy = recurrent seizures
What are the causes of seizures?
- Correct Answer - Cerebral injury, lesions, metabolic/nutritional
disorders, idiopathic, triggered by specific stimuli: flashing lights, fever,
loud noises
,What are the diagnostics for seizures?
- Correct Answer - EEG, witnessed event, physical exam
What does a focal seizure look like?
- Correct Answer - Impaired awareness, forgetfulness
What does a generalized seizure look like?
- Correct Answer - More motor onset; muscle twitching, myoclonic
convulsing, jerky movements
What is a cerebral aneurysm? (etiology/patho)
- Correct Answer - Lesion of an artery that results in dilation &
ballooning of a segment of the vessel, most commonly caused by
subarachnoid hemorrhage, can be caused by polycystic kidney disease,
Marfan syndrome, endocarditis, neurofibromas
What are the risk factors for cerebral aneurysm?
- Correct Answer - High blood pressure, acute alcohol intoxication,
recreational drug use (cocaine), congenital defect of the medial layer of
the artery
What are the clinical manifestations of cerebral aneurysm?
, - Correct Answer - Non-rupture: warning leaks - sentinel leaks - may
occur before an aneurysm ruptures & produces severe headaches, new
onset of severe generalized headache
Rupture: sudden onset of 'worst headache of life' (thunderclap
headache), photophobia, nausea, vomiting, focal neurological deficits,
nuchal rigidity, seizure, coma
What are the diagnostics for cerebral aneurysm?
- Correct Answer - CT, MRI, CT-A, physical exam
What is Psoriatic Arthritis? (etiology/patho)
- Correct Answer - Inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis;
familial tendency, immunological reaction results in inflammatory
process
What are the diagnostics for Psoriatic Arthritis?
- Correct Answer - Positive inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP), RF &
anti-CCP labs negative (rheumatoid arthritis labs), Xray
What are the clinical manifestations of Psoriatic Arthritis?
- Correct Answer - Peak onset 30-55, peripheral joint involvement,
onycholysis of nails (raised thickening, ridging), sacroiliac & spinal
involvement, fusiform swelling of digits (dactylitis), red lesions with
silvery scaling on skin
