NSG 3280
EXAM 2
Tested Questions with Rationales
Pathophysiology
Galen College of Nursing
This Document Description:
This document contains a collection of tested
and verified questions with accurate answers
from EXAM 2 of NSG 3280 at the Galen College of
Nursing. It covers core topics assessed in the
course and reflects the actual exam format and
question style. Ideal for exam preparation and concept
reinforcement.
,Table of Contents
NSG 3280 Exam 2 .......................................................2
NSG 3280 Exam 2 Review. .......................................43
NSG 3280 Exam 2
2.1
The nurse is administering a childhood vaccine to a pediatric client. The
mother asks the nurse why the child needs so many vaccinations. How
should the nurse respond?
A. "Immunization is an important means of inhibiting the spread of infection
by decreasing your child's susceptibility to the infection."
B. "Vaccines prevent all infections completely for life."
C. "The more vaccines a child gets, the stronger their immune system
becomes overall."
D. "Vaccines are mainly required for school paperwork."
Answer: A. "Immunization is an important means of inhibiting the spread of
infection by decreasing your child's susceptibility to the infection."
Expert Rationale:
Vaccines induce active immunity and herd protection by reducing
susceptibility and transmission of specific pathogens.
,2.2
A diabetic client has injured his foot while walking barefoot on the lawn. On
admission, which assessment finding would be considered a localized
cardinal sign of acute inflammation?
A. Generalized fatigue
B. Fever of 101°F (38.3°C)
C. Redness and edema at the injured site
D. Elevated WBC count
Answer: C. Redness and edema at the injured site
Expert Rationale:
Local signs of inflammation include redness, swelling, heat, and pain at the
affected area. Fever and leukocytosis represent systemic response.
2.3
The entrance of a microbe into an individual's vascular space has initiated
opsonization. Which statement explains this process?
A. Opsonization coats a microbe to activate phagocytosis recognition.
B. Opsonization destroys microbes through complement pores.
C. Opsonization prevents antibody binding to antigens.
D. Opsonization blocks antigen presentation.
Answer: A. Opsonization coats a microbe to activate phagocytosis
recognition.
Expert Rationale:
Opsonins (e.g., IgG, C3b) coat pathogens, enhancing recognition and uptake
by phagocytes via specific receptors.
2.4
, The nurse is reviewing assessment documentation of a client's wound and
notes "purulent drainage." The nurse would interpret this as:
A. Exudate containing clear fluid only
B. Exudate containing white blood cells, protein, and tissue debris
C. Exudate consisting primarily of blood
D. Exudate with high fibrin content but no cells
Answer: B. Exudate containing white blood cells, protein, and tissue debris
Expert Rationale:
Purulent (suppurative) exudate is thick, cloudy, and often yellow/green due to
pus—primarily neutrophils, necrotic cells, and protein.
2.5
A newborn has been lethargic and is not nursing well. Testing of cord blood
done at birth reveals the presence of IgM. How should the nurse interpret this
finding?
A. IgM is normally transferred from the mother in utero
B. The presence of IgM suggests the newborn has an infection
C. IgM indicates adequate maternal immunity
D. IgM indicates a normal newborn immune response to breast milk
Answer: B. The presence of IgM suggests the newborn has an infection
Expert Rationale:
Maternal IgM does not cross the placenta. IgM in cord blood suggests
fetal/neonatal synthesis in response to in utero infection.
2.6
The nurse is caring for a client who has experienced hypovolemic shock
secondary to penetrating multiple trauma. When caring for the client
postoperatively, which of these factors does the nurse recognize places the
EXAM 2
Tested Questions with Rationales
Pathophysiology
Galen College of Nursing
This Document Description:
This document contains a collection of tested
and verified questions with accurate answers
from EXAM 2 of NSG 3280 at the Galen College of
Nursing. It covers core topics assessed in the
course and reflects the actual exam format and
question style. Ideal for exam preparation and concept
reinforcement.
,Table of Contents
NSG 3280 Exam 2 .......................................................2
NSG 3280 Exam 2 Review. .......................................43
NSG 3280 Exam 2
2.1
The nurse is administering a childhood vaccine to a pediatric client. The
mother asks the nurse why the child needs so many vaccinations. How
should the nurse respond?
A. "Immunization is an important means of inhibiting the spread of infection
by decreasing your child's susceptibility to the infection."
B. "Vaccines prevent all infections completely for life."
C. "The more vaccines a child gets, the stronger their immune system
becomes overall."
D. "Vaccines are mainly required for school paperwork."
Answer: A. "Immunization is an important means of inhibiting the spread of
infection by decreasing your child's susceptibility to the infection."
Expert Rationale:
Vaccines induce active immunity and herd protection by reducing
susceptibility and transmission of specific pathogens.
,2.2
A diabetic client has injured his foot while walking barefoot on the lawn. On
admission, which assessment finding would be considered a localized
cardinal sign of acute inflammation?
A. Generalized fatigue
B. Fever of 101°F (38.3°C)
C. Redness and edema at the injured site
D. Elevated WBC count
Answer: C. Redness and edema at the injured site
Expert Rationale:
Local signs of inflammation include redness, swelling, heat, and pain at the
affected area. Fever and leukocytosis represent systemic response.
2.3
The entrance of a microbe into an individual's vascular space has initiated
opsonization. Which statement explains this process?
A. Opsonization coats a microbe to activate phagocytosis recognition.
B. Opsonization destroys microbes through complement pores.
C. Opsonization prevents antibody binding to antigens.
D. Opsonization blocks antigen presentation.
Answer: A. Opsonization coats a microbe to activate phagocytosis
recognition.
Expert Rationale:
Opsonins (e.g., IgG, C3b) coat pathogens, enhancing recognition and uptake
by phagocytes via specific receptors.
2.4
, The nurse is reviewing assessment documentation of a client's wound and
notes "purulent drainage." The nurse would interpret this as:
A. Exudate containing clear fluid only
B. Exudate containing white blood cells, protein, and tissue debris
C. Exudate consisting primarily of blood
D. Exudate with high fibrin content but no cells
Answer: B. Exudate containing white blood cells, protein, and tissue debris
Expert Rationale:
Purulent (suppurative) exudate is thick, cloudy, and often yellow/green due to
pus—primarily neutrophils, necrotic cells, and protein.
2.5
A newborn has been lethargic and is not nursing well. Testing of cord blood
done at birth reveals the presence of IgM. How should the nurse interpret this
finding?
A. IgM is normally transferred from the mother in utero
B. The presence of IgM suggests the newborn has an infection
C. IgM indicates adequate maternal immunity
D. IgM indicates a normal newborn immune response to breast milk
Answer: B. The presence of IgM suggests the newborn has an infection
Expert Rationale:
Maternal IgM does not cross the placenta. IgM in cord blood suggests
fetal/neonatal synthesis in response to in utero infection.
2.6
The nurse is caring for a client who has experienced hypovolemic shock
secondary to penetrating multiple trauma. When caring for the client
postoperatively, which of these factors does the nurse recognize places the
