, Patho Hesi Review Questions
A dissecting aneurysm is dangerous due to the fact that there is a tear in which layer of the
vessel wall? Inner, middle, outer.
medial layer- allows blood to seep into the middle layer
A Pulmonary embolus can cause what kind of shock?
obstructive shock
A patient has type II diabetes, what symptoms should he expect? Select all that apply
A. Extreme Hunger
B. Excessive thirst
C. Polyuria
D. Salt craving
E. Quick accumulation of fat
A, B, C
Stenosis of the tricuspid valve would lead to what?
A. left sided heart failure
B. Right sided heart failure
C. Pulmonary regurgitation
D. pulmonary stenosis
B- because the tricuspid valve is located on the right side
#1 sign of right heart failure
peripheral edema and rapid weight gain
A patient comes into the ER and is shaking and states that she has a sharp pain that's in her
upper stomach going all the way up into her back. Her labs come back and show she is
experiencing hyperglycemia and a high WBC count, what is she most likely experiencing?
A. Diabetes crisis
B. Type II diabetes
C. Cholilithiasis
D. Acute pancreatitis
D. Acute pancreatitis: sharp pain that radiates to the back
Pancreatitis can lead to
,Type 1 diabetes
Which part of the ekg corresponds with atrial depolarization?
P wave
It is impossible for ventricular depolarization to occur during which part of the EKG?
S-T segment: ventricles have fully depolarized, absolute refractory period
Heart failure due to the heart muscle being underdeveloped and not strong enough to
overcome the afterload would be chronotropic problem, dromotropic problem, or inotropic
problem?
Inotropic problem= Strength of contraction
chronotropic
beats per min
dromotropic
rate of electrical conduction through heart
A patient comes in with red lesions on his arms which have a red flare around the border,
what is this most likely?
A. Urticaria
B. Impetigo
C. Dermatitis
D. Boils
A. hives= Red flare around the border (#1 symptom)
A pulse pressure that is 78 would most likely indicate?
A. hypotension
B. hypertension
C. shock
D. TBI
D. traumatic brain injury= increased ICP= Cushing's Triad
120-80= what?
pulse pressure
Any pulse pressure over 60 is considered
, widened
The diastolic pressure is measured during what on an ekg?
From the T wave (ventricles have stopped beating/contracting) to the beginning of the R wave
(ventricles begin to fully contract)
Heart spends more time in diastolic
Does the sympathetic nervous system increase or decrease the peripheral vascular
resistance?
increase- because BP increases because of vasoconstriction
A patient is receiving a blood transfusion when he starts stating that he's getting itchy. What
is your first intervention?
A. Stop the transfusion
B. Administer Benadryl IM and monitor for worsening of symptoms
C. Check blood pressure
D. Ask the patient if he's short of breath
A. stop the transfusion
An absent P wave could indicate that which part of the heart is not functioning properly?
Atria or SA node
Frank starlings law states that when a heart muscle works hard over a period of time, is it the
muscle or contractility that increases?
Muscle increases, Contractility decreases
What is the number one risk factor for dilated ventricular hypertrophy?
Hypertension
who is most likely to have hypertension?
Men, African Americans
A patient comes in with severe burns after being trapped in a building for 2 hours. The
patients electrolytes and hemoglobin levels are increased and the patients blood pressure is
80/45 upon arrival heart rate 130 and the patient is not responsive. What is this most likely
classified as?
A. Burn injury
B. hyperkalemia
A dissecting aneurysm is dangerous due to the fact that there is a tear in which layer of the
vessel wall? Inner, middle, outer.
medial layer- allows blood to seep into the middle layer
A Pulmonary embolus can cause what kind of shock?
obstructive shock
A patient has type II diabetes, what symptoms should he expect? Select all that apply
A. Extreme Hunger
B. Excessive thirst
C. Polyuria
D. Salt craving
E. Quick accumulation of fat
A, B, C
Stenosis of the tricuspid valve would lead to what?
A. left sided heart failure
B. Right sided heart failure
C. Pulmonary regurgitation
D. pulmonary stenosis
B- because the tricuspid valve is located on the right side
#1 sign of right heart failure
peripheral edema and rapid weight gain
A patient comes into the ER and is shaking and states that she has a sharp pain that's in her
upper stomach going all the way up into her back. Her labs come back and show she is
experiencing hyperglycemia and a high WBC count, what is she most likely experiencing?
A. Diabetes crisis
B. Type II diabetes
C. Cholilithiasis
D. Acute pancreatitis
D. Acute pancreatitis: sharp pain that radiates to the back
Pancreatitis can lead to
,Type 1 diabetes
Which part of the ekg corresponds with atrial depolarization?
P wave
It is impossible for ventricular depolarization to occur during which part of the EKG?
S-T segment: ventricles have fully depolarized, absolute refractory period
Heart failure due to the heart muscle being underdeveloped and not strong enough to
overcome the afterload would be chronotropic problem, dromotropic problem, or inotropic
problem?
Inotropic problem= Strength of contraction
chronotropic
beats per min
dromotropic
rate of electrical conduction through heart
A patient comes in with red lesions on his arms which have a red flare around the border,
what is this most likely?
A. Urticaria
B. Impetigo
C. Dermatitis
D. Boils
A. hives= Red flare around the border (#1 symptom)
A pulse pressure that is 78 would most likely indicate?
A. hypotension
B. hypertension
C. shock
D. TBI
D. traumatic brain injury= increased ICP= Cushing's Triad
120-80= what?
pulse pressure
Any pulse pressure over 60 is considered
, widened
The diastolic pressure is measured during what on an ekg?
From the T wave (ventricles have stopped beating/contracting) to the beginning of the R wave
(ventricles begin to fully contract)
Heart spends more time in diastolic
Does the sympathetic nervous system increase or decrease the peripheral vascular
resistance?
increase- because BP increases because of vasoconstriction
A patient is receiving a blood transfusion when he starts stating that he's getting itchy. What
is your first intervention?
A. Stop the transfusion
B. Administer Benadryl IM and monitor for worsening of symptoms
C. Check blood pressure
D. Ask the patient if he's short of breath
A. stop the transfusion
An absent P wave could indicate that which part of the heart is not functioning properly?
Atria or SA node
Frank starlings law states that when a heart muscle works hard over a period of time, is it the
muscle or contractility that increases?
Muscle increases, Contractility decreases
What is the number one risk factor for dilated ventricular hypertrophy?
Hypertension
who is most likely to have hypertension?
Men, African Americans
A patient comes in with severe burns after being trapped in a building for 2 hours. The
patients electrolytes and hemoglobin levels are increased and the patients blood pressure is
80/45 upon arrival heart rate 130 and the patient is not responsive. What is this most likely
classified as?
A. Burn injury
B. hyperkalemia
