Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology: Introductory Concepts and Clinical
Perspectives 3e Capriotti Test Bank
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness Complete Chapters ✅
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Answers Included ✅
____ 1. Which statement regarding the sodium-potassium pump is correct?
1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
compartment.
4. Active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
potassium ions.
____ 2. Which cellular function generates the same amount of energy in the absence of oxygen as it does in
the presence of oxygen?
1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid
2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle
3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A
4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid
se
ur
en
____ 3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
1. 2
is
2. 3
3. 34
w
4. 53
____ 4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids
4. Deoxyribonucleic acids
____ 5. Which option best explains why more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein.
2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands.
024
,____ 6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress
2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
3. During severe hypoxia
4. During the processing of prohormone
____ 7. Which cellular components are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs?
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretory vesicles
4. Endoplasmic reticula
____ 8. What are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
1. Actin and myosin
2. Prohormone and tubulin
3. Tubulin and actin
se
4. Myosin and prohormone
ur
en
____ 9. Which deficiency causes Tay-Sachs disease?
1. Proteasome
is
2. Peroxisome
w
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes
____ 10. Which of the following is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulation of ganglioside
2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis
3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity
4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system
____ 11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
4. During ER stress, nondegraded substances accumulate in the cells.
,____ 12. Which statement regarding mitochondria is correct?
1. Mitochondrial DNA is identical to nuclear DNA.
2. Mitochondria reproduce in response to an increased need for ATP.
3. Mitochondria are primarily obtained from sperm during human fertilization.
4. Mitochondrial DNA is immune to the effects of free radicals.
____ 13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular component
is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically transferred?
1. Transfer RNA
2. Ribosomal RNA
3. Double helix of DNA
4. Mitochondrial DNA
____ 14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a high, steep mountain. Which option
is the reason for these manifestations?
1. Cellular hypoxia
se
2. Autolysis
ur
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema
en
is
____ 15. Which factor accounts for DNA’s unique molecular ability to replicate?
1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases
w
2. The presence of pyrimidine bases
3. The presence of nucleotides
4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
____ 16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5
____ 17. Which components form the structure of DNA?
1. Nucleotides
2. Amino acids
, 3. Fatty acids
4. Phosphates
____ 18. Which factor is essential to protein synthesis?
1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell
2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA
3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell
4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell
____ 19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which of the
following is the drug’s mechanism of action?
1. It prevents the replication of bacteria.
2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
se
____ 20. Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
1. The ribosome
ur
2. The Golgi apparatus
3. The secretory granule
en
4. The endoplasmic reticulum
is
w
____ 21. Which structure is referred to as the “mastermind” of the cell?
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
____ 22. Which statements are true? Select all that apply.
1. Microtubules are solid.
2. Microtubules are dynamic.
3. Microtubules are composed of tubulin.
4. Microtubules are referred to as actin filaments.
5. Microtubules have structures involved in cell division.
Perspectives 3e Capriotti Test Bank
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness Complete Chapters ✅
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Answers Included ✅
____ 1. Which statement regarding the sodium-potassium pump is correct?
1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
compartment.
4. Active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
potassium ions.
____ 2. Which cellular function generates the same amount of energy in the absence of oxygen as it does in
the presence of oxygen?
1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid
2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle
3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A
4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid
se
ur
en
____ 3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
1. 2
is
2. 3
3. 34
w
4. 53
____ 4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids
4. Deoxyribonucleic acids
____ 5. Which option best explains why more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein.
2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands.
024
,____ 6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress
2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
3. During severe hypoxia
4. During the processing of prohormone
____ 7. Which cellular components are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs?
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretory vesicles
4. Endoplasmic reticula
____ 8. What are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
1. Actin and myosin
2. Prohormone and tubulin
3. Tubulin and actin
se
4. Myosin and prohormone
ur
en
____ 9. Which deficiency causes Tay-Sachs disease?
1. Proteasome
is
2. Peroxisome
w
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes
____ 10. Which of the following is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulation of ganglioside
2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis
3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity
4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system
____ 11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
4. During ER stress, nondegraded substances accumulate in the cells.
,____ 12. Which statement regarding mitochondria is correct?
1. Mitochondrial DNA is identical to nuclear DNA.
2. Mitochondria reproduce in response to an increased need for ATP.
3. Mitochondria are primarily obtained from sperm during human fertilization.
4. Mitochondrial DNA is immune to the effects of free radicals.
____ 13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular component
is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically transferred?
1. Transfer RNA
2. Ribosomal RNA
3. Double helix of DNA
4. Mitochondrial DNA
____ 14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a high, steep mountain. Which option
is the reason for these manifestations?
1. Cellular hypoxia
se
2. Autolysis
ur
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema
en
is
____ 15. Which factor accounts for DNA’s unique molecular ability to replicate?
1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases
w
2. The presence of pyrimidine bases
3. The presence of nucleotides
4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
____ 16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 5
____ 17. Which components form the structure of DNA?
1. Nucleotides
2. Amino acids
, 3. Fatty acids
4. Phosphates
____ 18. Which factor is essential to protein synthesis?
1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell
2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA
3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell
4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell
____ 19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which of the
following is the drug’s mechanism of action?
1. It prevents the replication of bacteria.
2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
se
____ 20. Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
1. The ribosome
ur
2. The Golgi apparatus
3. The secretory granule
en
4. The endoplasmic reticulum
is
w
____ 21. Which structure is referred to as the “mastermind” of the cell?
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
____ 22. Which statements are true? Select all that apply.
1. Microtubules are solid.
2. Microtubules are dynamic.
3. Microtubules are composed of tubulin.
4. Microtubules are referred to as actin filaments.
5. Microtubules have structures involved in cell division.
