HESI A2 Anatomy and
Physiology||2026 advanced copy
1. Anatomic position
The body is erect, the feet are slightly apart, the head is held high, and the palms of the hands
are facing forward
2. Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory?
Pharynx
3. A person who has damage to their ulnar nerve will have decreases sensation in
Arm
4. Which bone dose not articulate with any other bone?
Hyoid
5. Which of the following statements best describe endocrine glands?
They secrete chemicals into the blood
6. Diet is important because bone are storage places for
Calcium and phosphorous
7. Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system and the urinary system?
Urethra
8. Red blood cell production is known as which of the following?
A. Hematopoiesis
B. Erythropoiesis
C. Phagocytosis
D. Thrombopoiesis
9. When an individual is under stress, hormones are released. Which of the following is not
one of the locations in which hormones are released when under stress?
A. Parathyroid
B. Adrenal cortex
C. Posterior pituitary
D. Hypothalamus
10. The central nervous system is made up of all except which of the following?
A. Brain
B. Heart
C. Retina
D. Spinal cord
11. The thyrotrophic-releasing growth hormone-releasing, and gonadotropin-releasing
hormones are released by which of the following endocrine system glands?
A. Thymus
B. Pituitary gland
C. Pineal gland
D. Hypothalamus
12. What is the most visible part of the ear?
A. Pinna
B. Organ of Corti
C. Cochlea
D. Ear canal
, 13. Which of the following is an organ of the respiratory system?
A. Brain
B. Larynx
C. Urethra
D. Pancreas
14. The motor cortex helps the brain by monitoring and controlling the body's movement.
Where is the motor cortex located within the brain?
A. Top, middle portion of the parietal lobe.
B. Back of the head
C. Front portion of the parietal lobe.
D. Around the auditory cortex
15. The heart contains four chambers. Which of these four chambers is the largest and the
strongest?
A. Left ventricle
B. Left atrium
C. Right ventricle
D. Right atrium
16. Which of the following organs is involved with the immune system?
A. Heart
B. Bronchi
C. Appendix
D. Esophagus
17. Which of the following is not a principal organ of the nervous system?
A. Brian
B. Thymus
C. Ganglia
D. Spinal cord
18. Where do the endocrine system and the nervous system meet?
A. At the pituitary gland and the pineal gland
B. At the hypothalamus and pituitary gland
C. At the pineal gland
D. At the thyroid gland
19. The pancreas is an endocrine system gland mainly responsible for which of the
following?
A. Proper bone development
B. Metabolism control
C. Maintaining healthy sugar levels
D. Distribution of stored fat.
20. The stomach lining membrane name?
The mucous membrane of the stomach contains simple columnar epithelium tissue with many
exocrine cells.
21. skin aids in maintaining the calcium and phophate levels of the body by participating in
the production of which of the following
vitamin d
, 22. all action of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
impulses over which of the following?
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
neurons
23. which hormone initiates the preparation of the endometrium of the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
uterus for pregnancy
m9 m9 m9
estrogen
24. which female reproductive organ's produce oocytes, estrogen and
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
progesterone ovaries
m9 m9
25. the buttocks is on which surface the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
body dorsal
m9 m9
26. the esophagus is located at which body
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
cavity thoracic
m9 m9
27. which is a hollow m9 m9 m9
organ gallbladder
m9 m9
28. which muscle is included in the quadriceps femoris
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
group vastus lateralis
m9 m9 m9
29. what occur when the sympathetic nervous system is
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
stimulated? cardiac output
m9 m9 m9
30. which hormone is produce by the posterior pituitary
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
gland oxytocin
m9 m9
31. which structure regulat the transport of substance in and out
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
of a cell the cellular membrane
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
32. a person who damages to their ulnar nerve will have decrease sesutior in
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
which area arm
m9 m9 m9
33. when assessing a female client who describes herself as a vegetarian in the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
nurse notes that she has an unusual skin color. The nurse should ask the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
client if she has eaten large amount of:
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
carrot and squash
m9 m9
34. which structure produces B-lymphocytesm9 m9 m9
Red bone marrow
m9 m9 m9
35. how many days is the avarage menstrul cycle
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
14
36. where in the human body are nutrients absorbed
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
small intestines
m9
37. The central nervous system is made up of all except which of the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
following? heart
m9 m9
38. The motor cortex helps the brain by monitoring and controlling the body's
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
movement. Where is the motor cortex located within the brain?
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
top, the middle portion of the parietal lobe.
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
39. The heart contains four chambers. Which of these four chambers is the largest
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
and the strongest?
m9 m9 m9
Left ventricle
m9
appendix
, 40. Which of the following is not a principal organ of the nervous
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9system? thymus m9
41. The pancreas is an endocrine system gland mainly responsible for which
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
of the following?
m9 m9 m9
maintain healthy blood sugar level
m9 m9 m9 m9
42. Tough elastic tissues found in the joints that connect bones to bones
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9are called: ligament
m9 m9
43. What mineral is responsible for muscle
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9contractions? calcium m9
44. Where can the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9found? pelvic cavity
m9 m9
45. Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
referred to as which of the following?
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
neuroglia
46. Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
structure for the organs?
m9 m9 m9 m9
connective tissue m9
47. What are the glands of skin that produce a thin, watery
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9secretion eccrine glands m9 m9
48. You have been given a sample of tissue that has open spaces partially
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
filled by an assemblage of needle like structures. What is this tissue?
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
spongy bone m9
49. Which mineral is responsible for regulating fluid in the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9body? sodium m9
50. Motor or neurons transmit nerve impulses away from the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9CNS. efferent
m9
51. What are chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
metabolism of specific target cells called?
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
hormones
52. Which blood vessel where exchanges take place between blood and the cells
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
of the body?
m9 m9 m9
capillary
53. The stomach muscle churns and mixes food, turning the mass into a soupy
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
substance called what?
m9 m9 m9
chyme
54. All the nutrients that enter the hepatic portal vein are routed
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
where for decontamination?
m9 m9 m9
liver
55. In men, spermatozoa develop within the of each
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
testis Seminiferous tubules
m9 m9 m9
56. During pregnancy, what organ produces the hormones that maintain the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
endometrium and prepare the breasts for milk production?
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
placenta
57. Gland whose secretion is oily- a mixture of oily substances and cell fragments
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
Physiology||2026 advanced copy
1. Anatomic position
The body is erect, the feet are slightly apart, the head is held high, and the palms of the hands
are facing forward
2. Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory?
Pharynx
3. A person who has damage to their ulnar nerve will have decreases sensation in
Arm
4. Which bone dose not articulate with any other bone?
Hyoid
5. Which of the following statements best describe endocrine glands?
They secrete chemicals into the blood
6. Diet is important because bone are storage places for
Calcium and phosphorous
7. Which organ is part of both the male reproductive system and the urinary system?
Urethra
8. Red blood cell production is known as which of the following?
A. Hematopoiesis
B. Erythropoiesis
C. Phagocytosis
D. Thrombopoiesis
9. When an individual is under stress, hormones are released. Which of the following is not
one of the locations in which hormones are released when under stress?
A. Parathyroid
B. Adrenal cortex
C. Posterior pituitary
D. Hypothalamus
10. The central nervous system is made up of all except which of the following?
A. Brain
B. Heart
C. Retina
D. Spinal cord
11. The thyrotrophic-releasing growth hormone-releasing, and gonadotropin-releasing
hormones are released by which of the following endocrine system glands?
A. Thymus
B. Pituitary gland
C. Pineal gland
D. Hypothalamus
12. What is the most visible part of the ear?
A. Pinna
B. Organ of Corti
C. Cochlea
D. Ear canal
, 13. Which of the following is an organ of the respiratory system?
A. Brain
B. Larynx
C. Urethra
D. Pancreas
14. The motor cortex helps the brain by monitoring and controlling the body's movement.
Where is the motor cortex located within the brain?
A. Top, middle portion of the parietal lobe.
B. Back of the head
C. Front portion of the parietal lobe.
D. Around the auditory cortex
15. The heart contains four chambers. Which of these four chambers is the largest and the
strongest?
A. Left ventricle
B. Left atrium
C. Right ventricle
D. Right atrium
16. Which of the following organs is involved with the immune system?
A. Heart
B. Bronchi
C. Appendix
D. Esophagus
17. Which of the following is not a principal organ of the nervous system?
A. Brian
B. Thymus
C. Ganglia
D. Spinal cord
18. Where do the endocrine system and the nervous system meet?
A. At the pituitary gland and the pineal gland
B. At the hypothalamus and pituitary gland
C. At the pineal gland
D. At the thyroid gland
19. The pancreas is an endocrine system gland mainly responsible for which of the
following?
A. Proper bone development
B. Metabolism control
C. Maintaining healthy sugar levels
D. Distribution of stored fat.
20. The stomach lining membrane name?
The mucous membrane of the stomach contains simple columnar epithelium tissue with many
exocrine cells.
21. skin aids in maintaining the calcium and phophate levels of the body by participating in
the production of which of the following
vitamin d
, 22. all action of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
impulses over which of the following?
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
neurons
23. which hormone initiates the preparation of the endometrium of the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
uterus for pregnancy
m9 m9 m9
estrogen
24. which female reproductive organ's produce oocytes, estrogen and
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
progesterone ovaries
m9 m9
25. the buttocks is on which surface the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
body dorsal
m9 m9
26. the esophagus is located at which body
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
cavity thoracic
m9 m9
27. which is a hollow m9 m9 m9
organ gallbladder
m9 m9
28. which muscle is included in the quadriceps femoris
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
group vastus lateralis
m9 m9 m9
29. what occur when the sympathetic nervous system is
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
stimulated? cardiac output
m9 m9 m9
30. which hormone is produce by the posterior pituitary
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
gland oxytocin
m9 m9
31. which structure regulat the transport of substance in and out
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
of a cell the cellular membrane
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
32. a person who damages to their ulnar nerve will have decrease sesutior in
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
which area arm
m9 m9 m9
33. when assessing a female client who describes herself as a vegetarian in the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
nurse notes that she has an unusual skin color. The nurse should ask the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
client if she has eaten large amount of:
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
carrot and squash
m9 m9
34. which structure produces B-lymphocytesm9 m9 m9
Red bone marrow
m9 m9 m9
35. how many days is the avarage menstrul cycle
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
14
36. where in the human body are nutrients absorbed
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
small intestines
m9
37. The central nervous system is made up of all except which of the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
following? heart
m9 m9
38. The motor cortex helps the brain by monitoring and controlling the body's
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
movement. Where is the motor cortex located within the brain?
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
top, the middle portion of the parietal lobe.
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
39. The heart contains four chambers. Which of these four chambers is the largest
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
and the strongest?
m9 m9 m9
Left ventricle
m9
appendix
, 40. Which of the following is not a principal organ of the nervous
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9system? thymus m9
41. The pancreas is an endocrine system gland mainly responsible for which
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
of the following?
m9 m9 m9
maintain healthy blood sugar level
m9 m9 m9 m9
42. Tough elastic tissues found in the joints that connect bones to bones
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9are called: ligament
m9 m9
43. What mineral is responsible for muscle
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9contractions? calcium m9
44. Where can the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9found? pelvic cavity
m9 m9
45. Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
referred to as which of the following?
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
neuroglia
46. Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
structure for the organs?
m9 m9 m9 m9
connective tissue m9
47. What are the glands of skin that produce a thin, watery
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9secretion eccrine glands m9 m9
48. You have been given a sample of tissue that has open spaces partially
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
filled by an assemblage of needle like structures. What is this tissue?
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
spongy bone m9
49. Which mineral is responsible for regulating fluid in the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9body? sodium m9
50. Motor or neurons transmit nerve impulses away from the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
m9CNS. efferent
m9
51. What are chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
metabolism of specific target cells called?
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
hormones
52. Which blood vessel where exchanges take place between blood and the cells
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
of the body?
m9 m9 m9
capillary
53. The stomach muscle churns and mixes food, turning the mass into a soupy
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
substance called what?
m9 m9 m9
chyme
54. All the nutrients that enter the hepatic portal vein are routed
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
where for decontamination?
m9 m9 m9
liver
55. In men, spermatozoa develop within the of each
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
testis Seminiferous tubules
m9 m9 m9
56. During pregnancy, what organ produces the hormones that maintain the
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
endometrium and prepare the breasts for milk production?
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
placenta
57. Gland whose secretion is oily- a mixture of oily substances and cell fragments
m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9 m9
