Genetics and Inheritance: Key Concepts and Patterns Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+

Genetics and Inheritance: Key Concepts
and Patterns Exam Questions and
Answers Graded A+

Genetics - Correct answer-the study of heredity

Heredity - Correct answer-transmission of traits from one generation to the next

Phenotype - Correct answer-physical appearance

Genotype - Correct answer-genetic makeup

P Generation - Correct answer-parental generation

F1 Generation - Correct answer-hybrid offspring of the parental generation

F2 Generation - Correct answer-offspring of a cross between two F1 plants

Alleles - Correct answer-Variations of a gene. Everyone has two alleles for every

gene.

Dominant allele - Correct answer-Allele that determines the organism's

appearance. Usually denoted by a capital letter (R)



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, Recessive allele - Correct answer-has no noticeable effect on an organism's

appearance. Usually denoted by a lowercase letter (r).

Wild Type - Correct answer-typical form of traits that are found most often in

nature. Not always dominant.

Homozygous - Correct answer-Organism has the same alleles for a single gene

(RR- homozygous dominant, rr- homozygous recessive)

Heterozygous - Correct answer-Organism has different alleles for a single gene

(Rr).

Homologous Chromosomes - Correct answer-genes will be at the same location

(locus) on both.

Mendelian Genetics - Correct answer-Studied inheritance patterns in pea plants. He

first recognized there are certain traits and they pass to descendants.

Punnett squares - Correct answer-used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of

offspring

Law of segregation - Correct answer-During gamete formation, the alleles of each

gene segregate from each other so that each gamete carries only one allele for each

gene.




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