Hematologic Disorders & Anemia:
NCLEX Key Concepts and Treatments
Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+
Hematologic System - Correct answer-Disorders affecting the blood, bone marrow,
spleen, and lymphatic system.
Functions of RBCs - Correct answer-Oxygen transport.
Functions of WBCs - Correct answer-Immune defense.
Functions of Platelets - Correct answer-Clotting.
Causes of Hematologic Disorders - Correct answer-↓ production, ↑ destruction, or
blood loss.
Anemia Overview - Correct answer-↓ RBCs or hemoglobin → ↓ oxygen → tissue
hypoxia.
Causes of Anemia - Correct answer-↓ production, ↑ destruction, or loss.
Macrocytic Anemia - Correct answer-Caused by B₁₂/Folate deficiency.
Microcytic Anemia - Correct answer-Caused by Iron deficiency.
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, Normocytic Anemia - Correct answer-Caused by blood loss or chronic disease.
Pernicious Anemia - Correct answer-Autoimmune loss of intrinsic factor → ↓ B₁₂
absorption.
Key Findings of Pernicious Anemia - Correct answer-Fatigue, pallor, neurologic
symptoms (paresthesia, unsteady gait, confusion), beefy red tongue.
Treatment for Pernicious Anemia - Correct answer-Lifelong IM vitamin B₁₂
injections.
Folate Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-↓ Folate intake → ↓ RBC DNA
synthesis.
Causes of Folate Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Poor diet, alcoholism,
pregnancy, malabsorption.
Findings of Folate Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Fatigue, pallor, sore
tongue — no neurologic symptoms.
Treatment for Folate Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Oral folic acid and
folate-rich diet.
Iron Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Most common anemia; lack of iron → ↓
hemoglobin.
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NCLEX Key Concepts and Treatments
Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+
Hematologic System - Correct answer-Disorders affecting the blood, bone marrow,
spleen, and lymphatic system.
Functions of RBCs - Correct answer-Oxygen transport.
Functions of WBCs - Correct answer-Immune defense.
Functions of Platelets - Correct answer-Clotting.
Causes of Hematologic Disorders - Correct answer-↓ production, ↑ destruction, or
blood loss.
Anemia Overview - Correct answer-↓ RBCs or hemoglobin → ↓ oxygen → tissue
hypoxia.
Causes of Anemia - Correct answer-↓ production, ↑ destruction, or loss.
Macrocytic Anemia - Correct answer-Caused by B₁₂/Folate deficiency.
Microcytic Anemia - Correct answer-Caused by Iron deficiency.
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, Normocytic Anemia - Correct answer-Caused by blood loss or chronic disease.
Pernicious Anemia - Correct answer-Autoimmune loss of intrinsic factor → ↓ B₁₂
absorption.
Key Findings of Pernicious Anemia - Correct answer-Fatigue, pallor, neurologic
symptoms (paresthesia, unsteady gait, confusion), beefy red tongue.
Treatment for Pernicious Anemia - Correct answer-Lifelong IM vitamin B₁₂
injections.
Folate Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-↓ Folate intake → ↓ RBC DNA
synthesis.
Causes of Folate Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Poor diet, alcoholism,
pregnancy, malabsorption.
Findings of Folate Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Fatigue, pallor, sore
tongue — no neurologic symptoms.
Treatment for Folate Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Oral folic acid and
folate-rich diet.
Iron Deficiency Anemia - Correct answer-Most common anemia; lack of iron → ↓
hemoglobin.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
