Test Bank
McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology the Biologic Basis for Disease
in Adults and Children 9th Edition by Julia Rogers
,Chapter 01: Cellular Biology Rogers: McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology, 9th
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. sCells
Lernmaterial bietetfats.
can synthesize eine fundierte und praxisorientierte Unterstützung für Studierende in der
Hochschul- und Fachausbildung. Alle Kapitel sind vollständig abgedeckt und logisch
aufgebaut, sodass eine effiziente Wiederholung und gezielte Prüfungsvorbereitung möglich
ist.
ANS: C
Die Inhalte orientieren sich eng am jeweiligen Lehrbuch und helfen dabei, zentrale Themen
In metabolic
sicher zu absorption,
verstehen allundcells take in and use
anzuwenden. nutrients
Dank and other
der klaren substances
Struktur eignetfrom
sichtheir
diese Ressource
surroundings.
sowohl fürThe
dasremaining optionsals
Selbststudium areauch
not inclusive in their descriptions
für den Einsatz of cellular
im Unterricht.
metabolic absorption.
Ideal für Lernende, die Wert auf Vollständigkeit, Klarheit und akademische Qualität legen.
Eine verlässliche Ergänzung für nachhaltiges Lernen und überzeugende akademische
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
Leistungen.
2. Where
••••isAfrikaans
most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a. Mitochondria
Ribosome
b. Hierdie deeglik saamgestelde studiemateriaal is ontwerp om studente te help om hul
Nucleolus
c. leerdoelwitte met selfvertroue te bereik. Dit dek alle hoofstukke volledig en volg die struktuur
d. van die voorgeskrewe handboek noukeurig.
Lysosome
Die inhoud ondersteun aktiewe leer, bevorder begrip van kernbegrippe en help met
doelgerigte eksamenvoor
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most
of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its
activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes
function as the intracellular digestive system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction? a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
, ANS: B
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is
a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.
Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus
and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore
complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and
contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins,
lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off
from the cellular membrane.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
4. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b. Secretion of cortisol
c. Increased retention of water
d. Breakdown of fat
ANS: C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine causes
increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is due to ACTH.
Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
5. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS: B
The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G = gap), which is the
period between the M phase (M = mitosis) and the start of DNA synthesis; (2) the S phase (S
= synthesis), during which DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus; (3) the G2 phase, during
which RNA and protein synthesis occurs, the period between the completion of DNA
synthesis and the next phase (M); and (4) the M phase, which includes nuclear and
cytoplasmic division.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
, 6. What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as receptors,
transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps? a. Lipids
b. Proteases
c. Proteins
d. Carbohydrates
ANS: C
Proteins have several functions, including acting as receptors, transport channels for
electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps Lipids help act as the ―glue‖ holding cell
membranes together. Proteases cause the breakdown of protein. Carbohydrates are involved in
cellular protection and lubrication and help produce energy via oxidative phosphorylation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
7. Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades may be useful in designing drug
therapy for which human diseases? a. Cardiac and vascular disorders
b. Autoimmune and malignant disorders
c. Gastrointestinal and renal disorders
d. Endocrine and gastrointestinal disorders
ANS: B
Understanding the various steps involved in this process is crucial for designing drug
interventions. Dysregulation of proteases features prominently in many human diseases,
including cancer, autoimmunity, and neurodegenerative disorders. Cardiac, vascular,
gastrointestinal, renal, and endocrine disorders do not involve this process.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
8. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes
within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix.
Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the
lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular
selfdigestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein
synthesis. The Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often
McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology the Biologic Basis for Disease
in Adults and Children 9th Edition by Julia Rogers
,Chapter 01: Cellular Biology Rogers: McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology, 9th
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. sCells
Lernmaterial bietetfats.
can synthesize eine fundierte und praxisorientierte Unterstützung für Studierende in der
Hochschul- und Fachausbildung. Alle Kapitel sind vollständig abgedeckt und logisch
aufgebaut, sodass eine effiziente Wiederholung und gezielte Prüfungsvorbereitung möglich
ist.
ANS: C
Die Inhalte orientieren sich eng am jeweiligen Lehrbuch und helfen dabei, zentrale Themen
In metabolic
sicher zu absorption,
verstehen allundcells take in and use
anzuwenden. nutrients
Dank and other
der klaren substances
Struktur eignetfrom
sichtheir
diese Ressource
surroundings.
sowohl fürThe
dasremaining optionsals
Selbststudium areauch
not inclusive in their descriptions
für den Einsatz of cellular
im Unterricht.
metabolic absorption.
Ideal für Lernende, die Wert auf Vollständigkeit, Klarheit und akademische Qualität legen.
Eine verlässliche Ergänzung für nachhaltiges Lernen und überzeugende akademische
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
Leistungen.
2. Where
••••isAfrikaans
most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a. Mitochondria
Ribosome
b. Hierdie deeglik saamgestelde studiemateriaal is ontwerp om studente te help om hul
Nucleolus
c. leerdoelwitte met selfvertroue te bereik. Dit dek alle hoofstukke volledig en volg die struktuur
d. van die voorgeskrewe handboek noukeurig.
Lysosome
Die inhoud ondersteun aktiewe leer, bevorder begrip van kernbegrippe en help met
doelgerigte eksamenvoor
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most
of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its
activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes
function as the intracellular digestive system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction? a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
, ANS: B
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is
a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.
Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus
and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore
complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and
contain more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins,
lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off
from the cellular membrane.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
4. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b. Secretion of cortisol
c. Increased retention of water
d. Breakdown of fat
ANS: C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine causes
increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is due to ACTH.
Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
5. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS: B
The four designated phases of the cell cycle are: (1) the G1 phase (G = gap), which is the
period between the M phase (M = mitosis) and the start of DNA synthesis; (2) the S phase (S
= synthesis), during which DNA is synthesized in the cell nucleus; (3) the G2 phase, during
which RNA and protein synthesis occurs, the period between the completion of DNA
synthesis and the next phase (M); and (4) the M phase, which includes nuclear and
cytoplasmic division.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
, 6. What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as receptors,
transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps? a. Lipids
b. Proteases
c. Proteins
d. Carbohydrates
ANS: C
Proteins have several functions, including acting as receptors, transport channels for
electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps Lipids help act as the ―glue‖ holding cell
membranes together. Proteases cause the breakdown of protein. Carbohydrates are involved in
cellular protection and lubrication and help produce energy via oxidative phosphorylation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
7. Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades may be useful in designing drug
therapy for which human diseases? a. Cardiac and vascular disorders
b. Autoimmune and malignant disorders
c. Gastrointestinal and renal disorders
d. Endocrine and gastrointestinal disorders
ANS: B
Understanding the various steps involved in this process is crucial for designing drug
interventions. Dysregulation of proteases features prominently in many human diseases,
including cancer, autoimmunity, and neurodegenerative disorders. Cardiac, vascular,
gastrointestinal, renal, and endocrine disorders do not involve this process.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
8. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Lysosomes
ANS: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes
within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix.
Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the
lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular
selfdigestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein
synthesis. The Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often
