Echocardiography Exam Questions And
Certified Answers | graded A + | 100 %
Guaranteed TEST BANK EXAM (
BRANDNEW)!!!
What is the correct sequence of blood flow through the heart and systemic circulation?
A. SVC → RA → RV → PV → PA → lungs → PV → LA → LV → AOV → AAO → systemic
circulation → SVC/IVC
B. SVC, IVC, coronary sinus → RA → TV → RV → PV → MPA → R & L PA → arterioles →
pulmonary capillaries → venules → PV4 → LA → MV → LV → AOV → AAO → aortic arch →
descending thoracic aorta → descending abdominal aorta → common iliac arteries →
arteries → arterioles → capillaries → venules → veins → SVC, IVC, coronary sinus → RA
C. RA → RV → LA → LV → AOV → aorta → body → SVC → RA
D. LA → LV → RA → RV → PA → lungs → PV → LA
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
This sequence follows the precise path from systemic venous return, through the right
heart and pulmonary circulation, into the left heart, then through systemic arteries and
back to the venous system.
The left heart is associated with which circulatory system?
A. Pulmonary
B. Systemic
C. Coronary
D. Lymphatic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The left heart pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation. It operates under
high pressure and resistance and delivers blood with an oxygen saturation of ~98%.
,The right heart is associated with which circulatory system?
A. Pulmonary
B. Systemic
C. Coronary
D. Lymphatic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
The right heart pumps deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary circulation, which has low
pressure and resistance and blood with O₂ saturation of ~75%.
What are the cusps of the pulmonic valve?
A. Anterior, Posterior, Medial
B. Anterior, Right Posterior, Left Posterior
C. Left, Right, Septal
D. Anterior, Posterior
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The pulmonic valve has three cusps: anterior, right posterior, and left posterior. These are
important landmarks in echocardiography.
Are the semilunar valves open or closed during systole?
A. Open
B. Closed
C. Partially open
D. Only in diastole
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonic) open during systole to allow blood to flow from
the ventricles into the great arteries. Remember the mnemonic: SOS = Systolic valves open
during systole.
Which valves are classified as semilunar valves?
,A. Mitral and tricuspid
B. Aortic and pulmonic
C. Tricuspid and pulmonic
D. Mitral and aortic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Semilunar valves include the aortic valve (AOV) and pulmonic valve (PV). They prevent
backflow from the arteries into the ventricles.
The RA and LA are located toward the _______ of the heart.
A. Apex
B. Base
C. Septum
D. Lateral wall
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The atria form the base of the heart, while the ventricles form the apex.
The RV and LV make up the _______ of the heart.
A. Base
B. Apex
C. Chambers
D. Great vessels
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The ventricles form the apex of the heart and are responsible for pumping blood into the
pulmonary and systemic circulations.
What is the purpose of the papillary muscles?
A. Pump blood into the aorta
B. Pull on the chordae tendineae to prevent backflow by keeping valve leaflets closed
C. Generate electrical impulses
D. Anchor the great vessels
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Papillary muscles contract during systole to prevent prolapse of AV valves (mitral and
tricuspid), ensuring unidirectional blood flow.
The mitral valve is also known as the _______ and is located between which chambers?
A. Tricuspid valve; RA & RV
B. Bicuspid valve; LA & LV
C. Pulmonic valve; RV & PA
D. Aortic valve; LV & AAO
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The mitral valve has two leaflets (AMVL & PMVL) and prevents backflow from the LV to
the LA.
The tricuspid valve (TV) is located between:
A. LA & LV
B. RA & RV
C. RV & PA
D. LV & AAO
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The TV separates the RA from the RV and has three leaflets: anterior, posterior, and septal.
During systole and diastole, the AV valves (mitral and tricuspid) are:
A. Open during systole; closed during diastole
B. Closed during systole; open during diastole
C. Always open
D. Always closed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
AV valves close during systole to prevent backflow into the atria and open during diastole
to allow ventricular filling. These are called diastolic valves.
Certified Answers | graded A + | 100 %
Guaranteed TEST BANK EXAM (
BRANDNEW)!!!
What is the correct sequence of blood flow through the heart and systemic circulation?
A. SVC → RA → RV → PV → PA → lungs → PV → LA → LV → AOV → AAO → systemic
circulation → SVC/IVC
B. SVC, IVC, coronary sinus → RA → TV → RV → PV → MPA → R & L PA → arterioles →
pulmonary capillaries → venules → PV4 → LA → MV → LV → AOV → AAO → aortic arch →
descending thoracic aorta → descending abdominal aorta → common iliac arteries →
arteries → arterioles → capillaries → venules → veins → SVC, IVC, coronary sinus → RA
C. RA → RV → LA → LV → AOV → aorta → body → SVC → RA
D. LA → LV → RA → RV → PA → lungs → PV → LA
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
This sequence follows the precise path from systemic venous return, through the right
heart and pulmonary circulation, into the left heart, then through systemic arteries and
back to the venous system.
The left heart is associated with which circulatory system?
A. Pulmonary
B. Systemic
C. Coronary
D. Lymphatic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The left heart pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation. It operates under
high pressure and resistance and delivers blood with an oxygen saturation of ~98%.
,The right heart is associated with which circulatory system?
A. Pulmonary
B. Systemic
C. Coronary
D. Lymphatic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
The right heart pumps deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary circulation, which has low
pressure and resistance and blood with O₂ saturation of ~75%.
What are the cusps of the pulmonic valve?
A. Anterior, Posterior, Medial
B. Anterior, Right Posterior, Left Posterior
C. Left, Right, Septal
D. Anterior, Posterior
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The pulmonic valve has three cusps: anterior, right posterior, and left posterior. These are
important landmarks in echocardiography.
Are the semilunar valves open or closed during systole?
A. Open
B. Closed
C. Partially open
D. Only in diastole
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonic) open during systole to allow blood to flow from
the ventricles into the great arteries. Remember the mnemonic: SOS = Systolic valves open
during systole.
Which valves are classified as semilunar valves?
,A. Mitral and tricuspid
B. Aortic and pulmonic
C. Tricuspid and pulmonic
D. Mitral and aortic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Semilunar valves include the aortic valve (AOV) and pulmonic valve (PV). They prevent
backflow from the arteries into the ventricles.
The RA and LA are located toward the _______ of the heart.
A. Apex
B. Base
C. Septum
D. Lateral wall
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The atria form the base of the heart, while the ventricles form the apex.
The RV and LV make up the _______ of the heart.
A. Base
B. Apex
C. Chambers
D. Great vessels
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The ventricles form the apex of the heart and are responsible for pumping blood into the
pulmonary and systemic circulations.
What is the purpose of the papillary muscles?
A. Pump blood into the aorta
B. Pull on the chordae tendineae to prevent backflow by keeping valve leaflets closed
C. Generate electrical impulses
D. Anchor the great vessels
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Papillary muscles contract during systole to prevent prolapse of AV valves (mitral and
tricuspid), ensuring unidirectional blood flow.
The mitral valve is also known as the _______ and is located between which chambers?
A. Tricuspid valve; RA & RV
B. Bicuspid valve; LA & LV
C. Pulmonic valve; RV & PA
D. Aortic valve; LV & AAO
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The mitral valve has two leaflets (AMVL & PMVL) and prevents backflow from the LV to
the LA.
The tricuspid valve (TV) is located between:
A. LA & LV
B. RA & RV
C. RV & PA
D. LV & AAO
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The TV separates the RA from the RV and has three leaflets: anterior, posterior, and septal.
During systole and diastole, the AV valves (mitral and tricuspid) are:
A. Open during systole; closed during diastole
B. Closed during systole; open during diastole
C. Always open
D. Always closed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
AV valves close during systole to prevent backflow into the atria and open during diastole
to allow ventricular filling. These are called diastolic valves.
