1|Page
ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY
FINAL NEWEST EXAM 200
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS |RATED A
+ |NEW AND REVISED
What is the most appropriate intervention for an 8-yr old sent home from
school with mucopululent discharge from his eye and suspected bacterial
conjunctivitis? - ANSWER- Bacitracin/polymyxin (Polysporin)
opthalmic solution for 7-10 days.
Which class of drugs should NOT be used to treat COPD? - ANSWER-
Leukotriene inhibitors, such as Zafirlukast (Aaccolate).
How do antiprostaglandin drugs cause stomach mucosal injury? -
ANSWER- They alter the thickness of the protective mucosal layer.
What do gastric parietal cells produce? - ANSWER- Hydrochloric acid.
How do Diphenoxylate (Lomotil) and Loperamide (Imodium) help
relieve diarrhea? - ANSWER- They decrease the motility of the ileum
and colon, slowing the transit time and promoting more water
absorption.
,2|Page
Can antacids cause diarrhea? - ANSWER- Yes, antacids containing
magnesium, which decrease bowel transit time, may cause diarrhea.
Most often seen in renal insufficiency.
Which medication does NOT increase the incidence of constipation in
an older adult? - ANSWER- Warfarin (Coumadin).
Which laxative is safe for long-term use? - ANSWER- Methycellulose
(Citrucel).
Which medication given for nausea and vomiting works by affecting the
chemoreceptor trigger zone, thereby stimulating uppergastrointestinal
motility and increasing lower esophagealsphincter pressure? -
ANSWER- Antidopaminergic agents such as Prochlorperazine
(Compazine).
Which drug class is most likely to produce the most rapid relief for a
patient who is having heartburn symptoms? - ANSWER- Antacids like
Calcium Carbonate (Tums).
Which H2RA is most likely to cause drug interactions with Phenytoin
(Dilantin) and Theophylline (Bronkodyl)? - ANSWER- Cimetidine
(Tagamet).
Which pharmacologic intervention should you consider when treating a
middle-aged man with recurrent gastric ulcers? - ANSWER-
Antimocrobial therapy to treat an underlying H-pylori.
,3|Page
Which OTC supplement commonly taken by the elderly exacerbates
constipation? - ANSWER- Calcium.
What direction would you give when prescribing Sucralfate (Carafate)? -
ANSWER- The drug must be taken on an empty stomach.
What drug should be limited when the patient has a NSAID induced
peptic ulcer? - ANSWER- Misiprostol (Cytotec).
A patient presents with a history of GERD and many other medical
conditions. What medication would you encourage her to avoid? -
ANSWER- NSAIDs.
What drug can exacerbate the symptoms of GERD? - ANSWER-
Verapamil (Calan).
Why are nitrate-free periods every 24 hours necessary for the patient on
nitroglycerin therapy? - ANSWER- To inhibit the development of
tolerance
What does a low level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate? -
ANSWER- Hyperthroidism
What would be the best option to treat a newly diagnosed patient with a
low TSH level with? - ANSWER- Propanolol (Inderal)
, 4|Page
Spironoaldactone (Aldactone) has what mechanism of action (MOA)? -
ANSWER- Aldosterone antagonist
Heparin exerts its therapeutic action by what? - ANSWER- Upregulating
the activity of one of the body's natural anticoagulant molecules,
antithrombin III
What physiologic action happens when the offending drug is
administered during an anaphylactic reaction. - ANSWER- Mast cells
liberate large doses of histamine.
What are two systemic psoriasis medications? - ANSWER- Photo-
therapy and topical corticosteroids
What is the first choice of drug therapy for the majority of patients with
uncomplicated stage I hypertension? - ANSWER- Thiazide diuretics
What is the effect of cardiac glycosides? - ANSWER- Digitalis
glycosides have a negative chronotropic effect on the cardiac muscle
cells.
Amenorrhea is the most common side effect of which birth control
medication? - ANSWER- Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera)
ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY
FINAL NEWEST EXAM 200
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS |RATED A
+ |NEW AND REVISED
What is the most appropriate intervention for an 8-yr old sent home from
school with mucopululent discharge from his eye and suspected bacterial
conjunctivitis? - ANSWER- Bacitracin/polymyxin (Polysporin)
opthalmic solution for 7-10 days.
Which class of drugs should NOT be used to treat COPD? - ANSWER-
Leukotriene inhibitors, such as Zafirlukast (Aaccolate).
How do antiprostaglandin drugs cause stomach mucosal injury? -
ANSWER- They alter the thickness of the protective mucosal layer.
What do gastric parietal cells produce? - ANSWER- Hydrochloric acid.
How do Diphenoxylate (Lomotil) and Loperamide (Imodium) help
relieve diarrhea? - ANSWER- They decrease the motility of the ileum
and colon, slowing the transit time and promoting more water
absorption.
,2|Page
Can antacids cause diarrhea? - ANSWER- Yes, antacids containing
magnesium, which decrease bowel transit time, may cause diarrhea.
Most often seen in renal insufficiency.
Which medication does NOT increase the incidence of constipation in
an older adult? - ANSWER- Warfarin (Coumadin).
Which laxative is safe for long-term use? - ANSWER- Methycellulose
(Citrucel).
Which medication given for nausea and vomiting works by affecting the
chemoreceptor trigger zone, thereby stimulating uppergastrointestinal
motility and increasing lower esophagealsphincter pressure? -
ANSWER- Antidopaminergic agents such as Prochlorperazine
(Compazine).
Which drug class is most likely to produce the most rapid relief for a
patient who is having heartburn symptoms? - ANSWER- Antacids like
Calcium Carbonate (Tums).
Which H2RA is most likely to cause drug interactions with Phenytoin
(Dilantin) and Theophylline (Bronkodyl)? - ANSWER- Cimetidine
(Tagamet).
Which pharmacologic intervention should you consider when treating a
middle-aged man with recurrent gastric ulcers? - ANSWER-
Antimocrobial therapy to treat an underlying H-pylori.
,3|Page
Which OTC supplement commonly taken by the elderly exacerbates
constipation? - ANSWER- Calcium.
What direction would you give when prescribing Sucralfate (Carafate)? -
ANSWER- The drug must be taken on an empty stomach.
What drug should be limited when the patient has a NSAID induced
peptic ulcer? - ANSWER- Misiprostol (Cytotec).
A patient presents with a history of GERD and many other medical
conditions. What medication would you encourage her to avoid? -
ANSWER- NSAIDs.
What drug can exacerbate the symptoms of GERD? - ANSWER-
Verapamil (Calan).
Why are nitrate-free periods every 24 hours necessary for the patient on
nitroglycerin therapy? - ANSWER- To inhibit the development of
tolerance
What does a low level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate? -
ANSWER- Hyperthroidism
What would be the best option to treat a newly diagnosed patient with a
low TSH level with? - ANSWER- Propanolol (Inderal)
, 4|Page
Spironoaldactone (Aldactone) has what mechanism of action (MOA)? -
ANSWER- Aldosterone antagonist
Heparin exerts its therapeutic action by what? - ANSWER- Upregulating
the activity of one of the body's natural anticoagulant molecules,
antithrombin III
What physiologic action happens when the offending drug is
administered during an anaphylactic reaction. - ANSWER- Mast cells
liberate large doses of histamine.
What are two systemic psoriasis medications? - ANSWER- Photo-
therapy and topical corticosteroids
What is the first choice of drug therapy for the majority of patients with
uncomplicated stage I hypertension? - ANSWER- Thiazide diuretics
What is the effect of cardiac glycosides? - ANSWER- Digitalis
glycosides have a negative chronotropic effect on the cardiac muscle
cells.
Amenorrhea is the most common side effect of which birth control
medication? - ANSWER- Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera)
