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NR 226/ NR226: Exam 2: Fundamentals: Patient Care Review |
(Latest 2026/ 2027 Update) Questions & Answers| Grade A|
100% Correct (Verified Solutions).
1. A 78-year-old client states, "I feel like I'm still middle-aged." The nurse recognizes that
this statement reflects which concept about aging?
A) Aging is a uniform process for all individuals.
B) Most adults over 65 identify as elderly.
C) Chronological age is not always reflective of a person's self-perception.
D) Physical decline is the most significant factor in aging identity.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Aging is a highly individual experience. Self-perception of age often differs
from chronological age, influenced by health, activity level, and personal outlook.
2. A nurse is teaching a group of older adults about age-related vision changes. The
nurse explains that presbyopia is primarily caused by:
A) Increased intraocular pressure.
B) A loss of elasticity in the lens.
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C) Corneal clouding.
D) Retinal detachment.
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Rationale: Presbyopia is the age-related, gradual loss of the eye's ability to focus on
near objects due to decreased lens elasticity and weakening ciliary muscles.
3. An older adult male client reports difficulty understanding conversations, especially in
noisy environments. The nurse recognizes this as a potential symptom of:
A) Tinnitus.
B) Presbycusis.
C) Otosclerosis.
D) Ménière's disease.
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Rationale: Presbycusis is a progressive, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss associated
with aging. It typically affects the ability to hear high-frequency sounds and understand
speech.
4. The family of an older adult client reports that the client has become suddenly
confused and agitated over the past 24 hours. The nurse suspects delirium and
understands that a key characteristic is that it is:
A) A progressive and irreversible condition.
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B) A chronic cognitive impairment.
C) A potentially reversible medical emergency.
D) A normal part of the aging process.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Delirium is an acute, fluctuating disturbance in attention and cognition,
usually due to an underlying medical condition (e.g., infection, electrolyte imbalance). It
is a medical emergency and is often reversible with treatment.
5. A client with progressive memory loss, disorientation, and impaired judgment is
diagnosed with dementia. The nurse understands that dementia is characterized as:
A) An acute confusional state.
B) A reversible cognitive impairment.
C) A gradual, progressive, and irreversible cerebral dysfunction.
D) A condition caused solely by vascular disease.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Dementia is a chronic, progressive syndrome of cognitive decline (memory,
thinking, behavior) severe enough to interfere with daily life. Alzheimer's disease is the
most common cause.
6. When assessing an older adult, the nurse understands that the most common yet
frequently undetected mood disorder in this population is:
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A) Anxiety.
B) Bipolar disorder.
C) Depression.
D) Schizophrenia.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Depression is highly prevalent among older adults but is often under-
recognized and undertreated, as symptoms may be mistaken for normal aging or
masked by physical complaints.
7. A nursing student states that hypertension is a normal part of aging. The instructor
corrects this by explaining that:
A) Hypertension is expected and requires no intervention.
B) Hypertension is a normal sign of aging but should be monitored.
C) Hypertension is not a normal sign of aging and requires treatment.
D) Hypertension only becomes significant in adults over age 80.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: While the risk of hypertension increases with age, it is not a normal or
inevitable part of aging. It is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and
requires appropriate assessment and management.
NR226
NR226
NR 226/ NR226: Exam 2: Fundamentals: Patient Care Review |
(Latest 2026/ 2027 Update) Questions & Answers| Grade A|
100% Correct (Verified Solutions).
1. A 78-year-old client states, "I feel like I'm still middle-aged." The nurse recognizes that
this statement reflects which concept about aging?
A) Aging is a uniform process for all individuals.
B) Most adults over 65 identify as elderly.
C) Chronological age is not always reflective of a person's self-perception.
D) Physical decline is the most significant factor in aging identity.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Aging is a highly individual experience. Self-perception of age often differs
from chronological age, influenced by health, activity level, and personal outlook.
2. A nurse is teaching a group of older adults about age-related vision changes. The
nurse explains that presbyopia is primarily caused by:
A) Increased intraocular pressure.
B) A loss of elasticity in the lens.
NR226
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NR226
C) Corneal clouding.
D) Retinal detachment.
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Rationale: Presbyopia is the age-related, gradual loss of the eye's ability to focus on
near objects due to decreased lens elasticity and weakening ciliary muscles.
3. An older adult male client reports difficulty understanding conversations, especially in
noisy environments. The nurse recognizes this as a potential symptom of:
A) Tinnitus.
B) Presbycusis.
C) Otosclerosis.
D) Ménière's disease.
CORRECT ANSWER: B
Rationale: Presbycusis is a progressive, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss associated
with aging. It typically affects the ability to hear high-frequency sounds and understand
speech.
4. The family of an older adult client reports that the client has become suddenly
confused and agitated over the past 24 hours. The nurse suspects delirium and
understands that a key characteristic is that it is:
A) A progressive and irreversible condition.
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B) A chronic cognitive impairment.
C) A potentially reversible medical emergency.
D) A normal part of the aging process.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Delirium is an acute, fluctuating disturbance in attention and cognition,
usually due to an underlying medical condition (e.g., infection, electrolyte imbalance). It
is a medical emergency and is often reversible with treatment.
5. A client with progressive memory loss, disorientation, and impaired judgment is
diagnosed with dementia. The nurse understands that dementia is characterized as:
A) An acute confusional state.
B) A reversible cognitive impairment.
C) A gradual, progressive, and irreversible cerebral dysfunction.
D) A condition caused solely by vascular disease.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Dementia is a chronic, progressive syndrome of cognitive decline (memory,
thinking, behavior) severe enough to interfere with daily life. Alzheimer's disease is the
most common cause.
6. When assessing an older adult, the nurse understands that the most common yet
frequently undetected mood disorder in this population is:
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A) Anxiety.
B) Bipolar disorder.
C) Depression.
D) Schizophrenia.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: Depression is highly prevalent among older adults but is often under-
recognized and undertreated, as symptoms may be mistaken for normal aging or
masked by physical complaints.
7. A nursing student states that hypertension is a normal part of aging. The instructor
corrects this by explaining that:
A) Hypertension is expected and requires no intervention.
B) Hypertension is a normal sign of aging but should be monitored.
C) Hypertension is not a normal sign of aging and requires treatment.
D) Hypertension only becomes significant in adults over age 80.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
Rationale: While the risk of hypertension increases with age, it is not a normal or
inevitable part of aging. It is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and
requires appropriate assessment and management.
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