CHEM 210 BIOCHEMISTRY (CHEM210) (2025/2026): LATEST VERSION WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE, DETAILED ANSWERS FROM TRUSTED SOURCES.

1. T/F: According to the module, a compound with a molecular mass of 1,000 g/mol is considered a macromolecule. - ANSWER false macromolecule 5,000 g/mol 2. T/F: Biomolecules can have two or more different functional groups. - ANSWER true 3. T/F: The following group is an amine. C2H5NH2 - ANSWER true 4. T/F: In a eukaryotic cell, the organelles called peroxisomes serve the purpose of digesting macromolecules. - ANSWER false 5. peroxisomes degrade dangerous/hazardous molecules, lysosomes degrade macromolecules 6. T/F: In a eukaryotic cell, the organelles called lysosomes serve the purpose of digesting macromolecules. - ANSWER true 7. T/F: Carbon dioxide has a linear molecular shape AND has a bond angle of 109.5 degrees. - ANSWER false linear shape = 180 degrees 8. Of the following, ___ is not a property of carbon. Forming ionic bonds Forming cyclic structures Forming multiple bonds Forming bonds with oxygen Bonding in long chains - ANSWER Forming ionic bonds 9. Which of the following is an element not typically found in living organisms? Br Ca H S Na - ANSWER Br 10. What are the functional groups found in carbohydrates? - ANSWER carbonyls (C=O) alcohol/hydroxyls (-OH) ketones aldehydes 11. What is a ketone? - ANSWER carbonyl group bonded to 2 carbons 12. A ___ is a chemical formula that shows how the atoms of a molecule are bonded to one another. - ANSWER Kekule' structure 13. A _____ is a chemical formula that does NOT show the C-H and C-C bonds. - ANSWER condensed formula 14. A collection of two or more macromolecules uniting is called a ___. - ANSWER supramolecular complex 15. An organic compound with this structure, C=C, contains a ___ functional group. - ANSWER alkene 16. What element has been called the superglue of the chemical world? - ANSWER carbon (C) 17. What molecule is the most important for energy storage in cells? - ANSWER ATP 18. What would be the approximate size of a human cell? - ANSWER 12 μm 19. For pentane, there are ___ carbon and ___ hydrogen atoms. - ANSWER 5; 12 20. For butane, there are ___ carbon and ___ hydrogen atoms. - ANSWER 4; 10 21. For an organic compound, which structure is the most efficient to draw? - ANSWER line bond 22. When writing an organic functional group, scientists often wrist an "R" as part of the structure. What does the R indicate? - ANSWER rest of the molecule 23. According to the module, the study of carbon compounds is referred to as ___. - ANSWER organic chemistry 24. The ___ functional group was NOT discuss in this module. alcohol amine aromatic thiol all of these were discussed - ANSWER all of these were discussed Which number would be closest to the approximate number of ribosomes in an E. coli cell? 9 38 400 1,500 26,000 - ANSWER 26,000 Which of the following would most likely have a cell wall? monkey cells snake cells red algae cells human red blood cells all of the above - ANSWER red algae cells Eukaryotes have molecules that provide a protective structure. This network, which is found in all eukaryotes, is called the ___. - ANSWER cytoskeleton What is the molecule responsible for gout? - ANSWER uric acid About how many different elements are found in living organisms? - ANSWER 30 Explain the common similarity between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in at least 2 sentences. - ANSWER The fundamental similarity between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the presence of a plasma membrane. This structure separates life from non-life. It acts as a barrier to the surrounding environment, but contains proteins that permit select molecules to enter and exit the cell. Would a scientist be more likely to find an element such as O in a biomolecule or W? Explain which they would more likely find and give specific physical/chemical properties. - ANSWER A scientists would be more likely to find an element such as O in a biomolecule. Larger elements such as W tend to form ionic bonds, while smaller elements like O tend to form more stable covalent bonds. Therefore, elements such as O are more favored by biomolecules because they tend to form stronger bonds by sharing electrons and forming significant overlap with other elements. As a result, these stronger bonds require a substantial amount of energy to break them and allows the bonds to withstand insults, such as thermal and mechanical stress. Describe at least 3 properties of carbon the permit it to be the basis of life. - ANSWER 1. Carbon can form strong covalent bonds with a variety of different elements. 2. Carbon can also form double and triple bonds with other carbons atoms as well as with other elements, such as nitrogen and oxygen. 3. Carbon can form long chains through bonding with other carbons to create long polymers. 4. Carbon can also form cyclic structures, also referred to as ring compounds. What is the definition of inorganic chemistry? How does it different from organic chemistry - ANSWER Inorganic chemistry is the study of minerals, metals, and other non-carbon compounds. Organic chemistry is the study of the chemical and physical properties of carbon. Biochemists study the communication within and around organisms. According to the module, what are 2 other aspects of living organisms that biochemists study? - ANSWER 1. The relationship between structure and function of biomolecules 2. Chemical reactions of organisms (metabolism) 3. Communication within and among organisms T/F: Hydrogen is called the superglue of the chemical world. - ANSWER false carbon = superglue of the world T/F: Small elements, such as nitrogen, are common in biomolecules. - ANSWER true Small elements that are common in biomolecules: - ANSWER CHOPS N: - carbon - hydrogen - oxygen - phosphorous - sulfur - nitrogen T/F: The time it takes for a compound to flow through a metabolic pathway is called the flux. - ANSWER true T/F: Proteins, carbohydrates, and fats all get broken down into NADH and FADH2 in energy production. - ANSWER true T/F: A fat is a lipid molecules that is a liquid at room temperature. - ANSWER false In RNA, guanine always pairs with: - ANSWER cytosine