Units Assessments (Prep for OA)
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1. What is the salience principle? - ANSWER the principle that states that
we categorize other people on the basis of what is most noticeable about
them
2. Which characteristic would most likely be used to categorize a person
according to the salience principle? - ANSWER skin color
3. How does prejudice differ from discrimination? - ANSWER Prejudice is
an attitude; discrimination is a treatment.
4. Racism that is expressed via policies and laws is known as _____________. -
ANSWER institutional racism
5. A person's physical features, or ________, are the physical expression of
their biological genes. - ANSWER Phenotype
,6. According to Saperstein's 2014 study, what is a strange social byproduct of
an individual's time in prison? - ANSWER they are more likely to
categorize themselves as Black, and they are more likely to be categorized
by others as Black
7. A study found that nearly half of highly successful women do not have
children, whereas less than 20 percent of highly successful men do not have
children. What is one explanation for this? - ANSWER Women often
feel pressured to choose between their careers and having a family.
8. Both Dominic, a man, and Alice, a woman, were hired as receptionists in
July by a large advertising agency. After eight months, Dominic was
promoted to account coordinator. Alice was not promoted until 13 months
after being hired. What phenomenon best describes this circumstance? -
ANSWER glass escalator
9. Protestors march outside of an organization that has acknowledged giving
higher salaries to White males than those who work alongside them. Which
of the following perspectives do these protestors most likely subscribe to? -
ANSWER feminist theory
10.How would a functionalist view stratification? - ANSWER Stratification
motivates people to work harder.
11.Social stratification is the ______. - ANSWER categorization and ranking
of groups of people to form a hierarchy
,12.Which of the following is not a system of stratification? - ANSWER
agrarian system
13.About 90 percent of the world's wealth is contained in - ANSWER
Europe, North America and rich Asian and Pacific countries
14.In which area is there a gender gap in which girls are disadvantaged? -
ANSWER participation in STEM fields
15.Which of the following best describes the distinction between race and
ethnicity? - ANSWER Race is a social category based on a person's
physical traits; ethnicity comes from a shared sense of cultural, ancestral,
and national identity.
16.Which of the following groups of people share their ethnicity by
circumstance? - ANSWER Jewish people
17.Which of the following does NOT contribute to a person's ethnic identity? -
ANSWER Intellect
18.A person who is not of African heritage nevertheless looks African-
American. Sociologists predict that people will treat her as an African
American because of what principle? - ANSWER The salience principle
19.Which of the following is the best example of scapegoat theory? - ANSWER
Whites suffering from an economic downturn in a town where a
, factory has just closed identify recent immigrants from Somalia as a
problem in their community.
20.Which of the following statements about implicit bias is NOT true? -
ANSWER An implicit bias will never be against an in-group.
21.Which of the following is an example of a slavery law in 17th-century
Virginia? - ANSWER White masters could punish and kill their slaves
without being charged with felony.
22.The "stop and frisk" policy is an example of a policy that can perpetuate
racial injustice through ________. - ANSWER Incarceration
23.According to a report released by the Department of Education in 2014,
which of the following is true about predominantly Black and Latinx
schools? - ANSWER These schools were more likely to have poorer
quality facilities and insufficient resources for students.
24.What is the difference between pluralism and assimilation? - ANSWER
In pluralism, subcultures keep their distinctive attributes, while in
assimilation they take on the features of the dominant culture.
25.Which category is the smallest racial minority officially recognized in the
United States? - ANSWER Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander