,GuytonandHallTextbookof Medical Physiology14thEditionTestBankbyJohnE.Hall,Michael E.Hall Tabl
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e of Contents
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UnitJI. Introduction toJPhysiology: The Cell and General Physiology
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Chapter 1. Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the “Internal Environment”
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Chapter 2. The Cell and Its Functions
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Chapter 3. Genetic Control of Protein Synthesis, Cell Function, and Cell Reproduction
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UnitJII. MembraneJPhysiology, Nerve, and Muscle
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Chapter 4. Transport of Substances Through Cell Membranes
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Chapter 5. Membrane Potentials and Action Potentials
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Chapter 6. Contraction of Skeletal Muscle
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Chapter 7. Excitation of Skeletal Muscle: Neuromuscular Transmission and Excitation-Contraction Coupling
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Chapter 8. Excitation and Contraction of Smooth Muscle
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UnitJIII. TheJHeart dz
Chapter 9. CardiacJMuscle; The Heart as a Pump and Function of the Heart Valves
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Chapter 10. Rhythmical Excitation of the Heart
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Chapter 11. Fundamentals of Electrocardiography
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Chapter 12. Electrocardiographic Interpretation of CardiacJMuscle and Coronary Blood Flow Abnormalities : Vectorial Analysis
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Chapter 13. Cardiac Arrhythmias and Their Electrocardiographic Interpretation
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UnitJIV. The Circulation dz dz
Chapter 14. Overview of theJCirculation: Pressure, Flow, and Resistance
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Chapter 15. Vascular Distensibility and Functions of the Arterial and Venous Systems
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Chapter 16. The Microcirculation and Lymphatic System: Capillary Fluid Exchange, Interstitial Fluid, and Ly mph
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Flow
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Chapter 17. Local and Humoral Control of TissueJBlood Flow
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Chapter 18. Nervous Regulation of the Circulation and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure
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Chapter 19. Role of the Kidneys in Long-
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Term Control of Arterial Pressure and in Hypertension: The Integrated System for Arterial Pressure Regulat ion
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Chapter 20. Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation
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Chapter 21. Muscle Blood Flow and CardiacJOutputJDuringJExercise; the Coronary Circulation and IschemicJ H e
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artJDisease
Chapter 22. Cardiac Failure dz dz dz
Chapter 23. Heart Valves and Heart Sounds; Valvular and Congenital Heart Defects
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Chapter 24. Circulatory Shock and Its Treatment
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UnitJV. The Body FluidsJand Kidneys
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Chapter 25. Regulation of Body Fluid Compartments: Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids; Edema
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Chapter 26. The Urinary System: Functional Anatomy and Urine Formation by the Kidneys
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Chapter 27. Glomerular Filtration, Renal Blood Flow, and Their Control
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 28. Renal Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion
dz dz dz dz dz dz
,Chapter 29. Urine Concentration and Dilution; Regulation of Extracellular Fluid Osmolarity and Sodium Co ncen
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
tration
Chapter 30. Renal Regulation of Potassium, Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium; Integration of Renal Mec ha n
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
ismsJfor Control of Blood Volume and Extracellular Fluid Volume
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 31. Acid–Base Regulation dz dz dz
Chapter 32. Diuretics and Kidney Diseases
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UnitJVI. Blood Cells, Immunity, and Blood Coagulation
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Chapter 33. Red Blood Cells, Anemia, and Polycythemia
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Chapter 34. Resistance of the Body to Infection: I. Leukocytes, Granulocytes, the Monocyte-
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Macrophage System, and Inflammation
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Chapter 35. Resistance of the Body to Infection: II. Immunity and Allergy Chap
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ter 36. Blood Types; Transfusion; and TissueJand Organ Transplantation Chapt
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er 37. Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation
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UnitJVII. Respiration dz
Chapter 38. Pulmonary Ventilation dz dz dz
Chapter 39. Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Edema, and Pleural Fluid
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 40. Principles of Gas Exchange; Diffusion of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Through the Respirator y Memb
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
rane
Chapter 41. Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Blood and Tissue Fluids
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 42. Regulation of Respiration
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Chapter 43. Respiratory Insufficiency—Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Oxygen Therapy
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UnitJVIII. Aviation, Space, and Deep-Sea Diving Physiology
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Chapter 44. Aviation, High Altitude, and Space Physiology
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Chapter 45. Physiology of Deep-Sea Diving and Other Hyperbaric Conditions
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UnitJIX. The NervousJSystem: A. General Principles and Sensory Physiology
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Chapter 46. Organization of the Nervous System, Basic Functions of Synapses, and Neurotransmitters
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Chapter 47. Sensory Receptors, Neuronal Circuits for Processing Information
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Chapter 48. SomaticJSensations: I. General Organization, Tactile and Position Senses
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Chapter 49. SomaticJSensations: II. Pain, Headache, and Thermal Sensations
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UnitJX. The NervousJSystem: B. The Special Senses
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Chapter 50. The Eye: I. Optics of Vision
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Chapter 51. The Eye: II. Receptor and Neural Function of the Retina
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 52. The Eye: III. Central Neurophysiology of Vision
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Chapter 53. The Sense of Hearing dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 54. The Chemical Senses—Taste and Smell
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UnitJXI. The NervousJSystem: C. Motor and Integrative Neurophysiology
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Chapter 55. Spinal Cord Motor Functions; the Cord Reflexes
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Chapter 56. Cortical and Brain Stem Control of Motor Function
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Chapter 57. Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia ContributionsJto Overall Motor Control
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Chapter 58. Cerebral Cortex, Intellectual FunctionsJof theJBrain, Learning, and Memory
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
, Chapter 59. The LimbicJSystem and the Hypothalamus—
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Behavioral and Motivational Mechanisms of the Brai
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n
Chapter 60. States of Brain Activity—
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Sleep, Brain Waves, Epilepsy, Psychoses, and Dementia Chapter 61. TheJAutonomic Nervous S
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
ystem and the Adrenal Medulla Chapter 62. Cerebral Blood Flow, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Brai
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
n Metabolism
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UnitJXII. Gastrointestinal Physiology
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Chapter 63. General Principles of Gastrointestinal Function—
dz dz dz dz dz dz
Motility, Nervous Control, and Blood Circulation
dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 64. Propulsion and Mixing of Food in the Alimentary Tract
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 65. Secretory FunctionsJof the Alimentary Tract
dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 66. Digestion and Absorption in the Gastrointestinal Tract
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 67. Physiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders
dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJXIII. Metabolism and Temperature Regulation
dz dz dz dz
Chapter 68. Metabolism of Carbohydrates and Formation of Adenosine Triphosphate
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 69. Lipid Metabolism
dz dz dz
Chapter 70. Protein Metabolism
dz dz dz
Chapter 71. The Liver
dz dz dz
Chapter 72. Dietary Balances; Regulation of Feeding; Obesity and Starvation; VitaminsJand Minerals
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 73. Energetics and Metabolic Rate
dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 74. Body Temperature Regulation and Fever
dz dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJXIV. Endocrinology and Reproduction
dz dz dz
Chapter 75. Introduction to Endocrinology
dz dz dz dz
Chapter 76. Pituitary Hormones and Their Control by the Hypothalamus
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 77. Thyroid Metabolic Hormones
dz dz dz dz
Chapter 78. Adrenocortical Hormones
dz dz dz
Chapter 79. Insulin, Glucagon, and Diabetes Mellitus
dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 80. Parathyroid Hormone, Calcitonin, Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, Vitamin D, Bone, an d
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Teeth
Chapter 81. Reproductive and Hormonal Functions of the Male (and Function of the Pineal Gland)
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 82. Female Physiology Before Pregnancy and Female Hormones
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 83. Pregnancy and Lactation
dz dz dz dz
Chapter 84. Fetal and Neonatal Physiology
dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJXV. SportsJPhysiology
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Chapter 85. Sports Physiology
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d
z dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
e of Contents
dz dz
UnitJI. Introduction toJPhysiology: The Cell and General Physiology
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 1. Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the “Internal Environment”
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 2. The Cell and Its Functions
dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 3. Genetic Control of Protein Synthesis, Cell Function, and Cell Reproduction
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJII. MembraneJPhysiology, Nerve, and Muscle
dz dz dz dz
Chapter 4. Transport of Substances Through Cell Membranes
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 5. Membrane Potentials and Action Potentials
dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 6. Contraction of Skeletal Muscle
dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 7. Excitation of Skeletal Muscle: Neuromuscular Transmission and Excitation-Contraction Coupling
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 8. Excitation and Contraction of Smooth Muscle
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJIII. TheJHeart dz
Chapter 9. CardiacJMuscle; The Heart as a Pump and Function of the Heart Valves
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 10. Rhythmical Excitation of the Heart
dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 11. Fundamentals of Electrocardiography
dz dz dz dz
Chapter 12. Electrocardiographic Interpretation of CardiacJMuscle and Coronary Blood Flow Abnormalities : Vectorial Analysis
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz d z dz dz
Chapter 13. Cardiac Arrhythmias and Their Electrocardiographic Interpretation
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJIV. The Circulation dz dz
Chapter 14. Overview of theJCirculation: Pressure, Flow, and Resistance
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 15. Vascular Distensibility and Functions of the Arterial and Venous Systems
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 16. The Microcirculation and Lymphatic System: Capillary Fluid Exchange, Interstitial Fluid, and Ly mph
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Flow
dz
Chapter 17. Local and Humoral Control of TissueJBlood Flow
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 18. Nervous Regulation of the Circulation and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 19. Role of the Kidneys in Long-
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Term Control of Arterial Pressure and in Hypertension: The Integrated System for Arterial Pressure Regulat ion
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 20. Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 21. Muscle Blood Flow and CardiacJOutputJDuringJExercise; the Coronary Circulation and IschemicJ H e
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
artJDisease
Chapter 22. Cardiac Failure dz dz dz
Chapter 23. Heart Valves and Heart Sounds; Valvular and Congenital Heart Defects
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 24. Circulatory Shock and Its Treatment
dz dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJV. The Body FluidsJand Kidneys
dz dz dz dz
Chapter 25. Regulation of Body Fluid Compartments: Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids; Edema
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 26. The Urinary System: Functional Anatomy and Urine Formation by the Kidneys
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 27. Glomerular Filtration, Renal Blood Flow, and Their Control
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 28. Renal Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion
dz dz dz dz dz dz
,Chapter 29. Urine Concentration and Dilution; Regulation of Extracellular Fluid Osmolarity and Sodium Co ncen
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
tration
Chapter 30. Renal Regulation of Potassium, Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium; Integration of Renal Mec ha n
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
ismsJfor Control of Blood Volume and Extracellular Fluid Volume
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 31. Acid–Base Regulation dz dz dz
Chapter 32. Diuretics and Kidney Diseases
dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJVI. Blood Cells, Immunity, and Blood Coagulation
dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 33. Red Blood Cells, Anemia, and Polycythemia
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 34. Resistance of the Body to Infection: I. Leukocytes, Granulocytes, the Monocyte-
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Macrophage System, and Inflammation
dz dz dz dz
Chapter 35. Resistance of the Body to Infection: II. Immunity and Allergy Chap
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
ter 36. Blood Types; Transfusion; and TissueJand Organ Transplantation Chapt
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
er 37. Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation
dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJVII. Respiration dz
Chapter 38. Pulmonary Ventilation dz dz dz
Chapter 39. Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Edema, and Pleural Fluid
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 40. Principles of Gas Exchange; Diffusion of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Through the Respirator y Memb
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
rane
Chapter 41. Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Blood and Tissue Fluids
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 42. Regulation of Respiration
dz dz dz dz
Chapter 43. Respiratory Insufficiency—Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Oxygen Therapy
dz dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJVIII. Aviation, Space, and Deep-Sea Diving Physiology
dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 44. Aviation, High Altitude, and Space Physiology
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 45. Physiology of Deep-Sea Diving and Other Hyperbaric Conditions
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJIX. The NervousJSystem: A. General Principles and Sensory Physiology
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 46. Organization of the Nervous System, Basic Functions of Synapses, and Neurotransmitters
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 47. Sensory Receptors, Neuronal Circuits for Processing Information
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 48. SomaticJSensations: I. General Organization, Tactile and Position Senses
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 49. SomaticJSensations: II. Pain, Headache, and Thermal Sensations
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJX. The NervousJSystem: B. The Special Senses
dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 50. The Eye: I. Optics of Vision
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 51. The Eye: II. Receptor and Neural Function of the Retina
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 52. The Eye: III. Central Neurophysiology of Vision
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 53. The Sense of Hearing dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 54. The Chemical Senses—Taste and Smell
dz dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJXI. The NervousJSystem: C. Motor and Integrative Neurophysiology
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 55. Spinal Cord Motor Functions; the Cord Reflexes
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 56. Cortical and Brain Stem Control of Motor Function
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 57. Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia ContributionsJto Overall Motor Control
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 58. Cerebral Cortex, Intellectual FunctionsJof theJBrain, Learning, and Memory
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
, Chapter 59. The LimbicJSystem and the Hypothalamus—
dz dz dz dz dz dz
Behavioral and Motivational Mechanisms of the Brai
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
n
Chapter 60. States of Brain Activity—
dz dz dz dz dz
Sleep, Brain Waves, Epilepsy, Psychoses, and Dementia Chapter 61. TheJAutonomic Nervous S
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
ystem and the Adrenal Medulla Chapter 62. Cerebral Blood Flow, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Brai
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
n Metabolism
dz
UnitJXII. Gastrointestinal Physiology
dz dz
Chapter 63. General Principles of Gastrointestinal Function—
dz dz dz dz dz dz
Motility, Nervous Control, and Blood Circulation
dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 64. Propulsion and Mixing of Food in the Alimentary Tract
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 65. Secretory FunctionsJof the Alimentary Tract
dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 66. Digestion and Absorption in the Gastrointestinal Tract
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 67. Physiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders
dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJXIII. Metabolism and Temperature Regulation
dz dz dz dz
Chapter 68. Metabolism of Carbohydrates and Formation of Adenosine Triphosphate
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 69. Lipid Metabolism
dz dz dz
Chapter 70. Protein Metabolism
dz dz dz
Chapter 71. The Liver
dz dz dz
Chapter 72. Dietary Balances; Regulation of Feeding; Obesity and Starvation; VitaminsJand Minerals
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 73. Energetics and Metabolic Rate
dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 74. Body Temperature Regulation and Fever
dz dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJXIV. Endocrinology and Reproduction
dz dz dz
Chapter 75. Introduction to Endocrinology
dz dz dz dz
Chapter 76. Pituitary Hormones and Their Control by the Hypothalamus
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 77. Thyroid Metabolic Hormones
dz dz dz dz
Chapter 78. Adrenocortical Hormones
dz dz dz
Chapter 79. Insulin, Glucagon, and Diabetes Mellitus
dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 80. Parathyroid Hormone, Calcitonin, Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, Vitamin D, Bone, an d
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Teeth
Chapter 81. Reproductive and Hormonal Functions of the Male (and Function of the Pineal Gland)
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 82. Female Physiology Before Pregnancy and Female Hormones
dz dz dz dz dz dz dz dz
Chapter 83. Pregnancy and Lactation
dz dz dz dz
Chapter 84. Fetal and Neonatal Physiology
dz dz dz dz dz
UnitJXV. SportsJPhysiology
dz
Chapter 85. Sports Physiology
dz dz dz
