NR507 Final Exam – Advanced Pathophysiology
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1. Which of the following cells are considered the first responders of the
innate immune system?
A. Lymphocytes
B. Monocytes
C. Neutrophils
D. Eosinophils
Correct Answer: Neutrophils
2. Allergic contact dermatitis is classified as which type of hypersensitivity
reaction?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
Correct Answer: Type IV
3. Urticaria (hives) is an example of which type of hypersensitivity reaction?
A. Type II
B. Type III
, C. Type I
D. Type IV
Correct Answer: Type I
4. Which assessment finding is most commonly associated with urticaria?
A. Neutropenia
B. Lymphocytosis
C. Eosinophilia
D. Thrombocytopenia
Correct Answer: Eosinophilia
5. What is the underlying pathophysiology of hay fever (allergic rhinitis)?
A. T-cell destruction
B. Complement activation
C. Mast cell degranulation
D. Immune complex deposition
Correct Answer: Mast cell degranulation
6. At which CD4 count should antiretroviral therapy be initiated in HIV
management?
A. Below 200 cells/mm³
B. Below 350 cells/mm³
C. Below 500 cells/mm³
D. Below 1,000 cells/mm³
Correct Answer: Below 500 cells/mm³
7. Before undergoing an invasive procedure, which intervention is
recommended for immunocompromised individuals?
, A. Corticosteroid therapy
B. Antihistamines
C. Vaccination
D. Prophylactic antimicrobial therapy
Correct Answer: Prophylactic antimicrobial therapy
8. Individuals with immunodeficiency are at greatest risk for which two
conditions?
A. Cardiovascular disease and diabetes
B. Autoimmune disease and allergy
C. Cancer and opportunistic infections
D. Hypertension and stroke
Correct Answer: Cancer and opportunistic infections
9. What is the standard treatment approach for HIV infection?
A. Antibiotic therapy
B. Immunosuppressive therapy
C. Chemotherapy
D. Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART)
Correct Answer: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART)
10.Which assessment finding supports a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis?
A. Heberden’s nodes
B. Joint hypermobility
C. Swollen metacarpophalangeal joints
D. Muscle weakness
Correct Answer: Swollen metacarpophalangeal joints
, 11.T cells, B cells, and autoantibodies may all be involved in autoimmune
diseases.
A. True
B. False
Correct Answer: True
12.Which combination best describes the manifestations of systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE)?
A. Fever, leukopenia, anemia
B. Joint stiffness and cartilage loss
C. Tissue inflammation, vasculitis, and characteristic rash
D. Muscle atrophy and neuropathy
Correct Answer: Tissue inflammation, vasculitis, and characteristic rash
13.The process by which a normal cell becomes a cancer cell is known as:
A. Apoptosis
B. Differentiation
C. Cell transformation
D. Necrosis
Correct Answer: Cell transformation
14.Which event commonly occurs during cellular reproduction, leading to the
frequent formation of isolated cancer cells?
A. Immune surveillance
B. Cell differentiation
C. Cell transformation
D. Programmed cell death
Correct Answer: Cell transformation
{Chamberlain 2026-2027}
Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027.…
Includes 300+ Frequently Tested Questions With
ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!!
Current Update!!
1. Which of the following cells are considered the first responders of the
innate immune system?
A. Lymphocytes
B. Monocytes
C. Neutrophils
D. Eosinophils
Correct Answer: Neutrophils
2. Allergic contact dermatitis is classified as which type of hypersensitivity
reaction?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
Correct Answer: Type IV
3. Urticaria (hives) is an example of which type of hypersensitivity reaction?
A. Type II
B. Type III
, C. Type I
D. Type IV
Correct Answer: Type I
4. Which assessment finding is most commonly associated with urticaria?
A. Neutropenia
B. Lymphocytosis
C. Eosinophilia
D. Thrombocytopenia
Correct Answer: Eosinophilia
5. What is the underlying pathophysiology of hay fever (allergic rhinitis)?
A. T-cell destruction
B. Complement activation
C. Mast cell degranulation
D. Immune complex deposition
Correct Answer: Mast cell degranulation
6. At which CD4 count should antiretroviral therapy be initiated in HIV
management?
A. Below 200 cells/mm³
B. Below 350 cells/mm³
C. Below 500 cells/mm³
D. Below 1,000 cells/mm³
Correct Answer: Below 500 cells/mm³
7. Before undergoing an invasive procedure, which intervention is
recommended for immunocompromised individuals?
, A. Corticosteroid therapy
B. Antihistamines
C. Vaccination
D. Prophylactic antimicrobial therapy
Correct Answer: Prophylactic antimicrobial therapy
8. Individuals with immunodeficiency are at greatest risk for which two
conditions?
A. Cardiovascular disease and diabetes
B. Autoimmune disease and allergy
C. Cancer and opportunistic infections
D. Hypertension and stroke
Correct Answer: Cancer and opportunistic infections
9. What is the standard treatment approach for HIV infection?
A. Antibiotic therapy
B. Immunosuppressive therapy
C. Chemotherapy
D. Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART)
Correct Answer: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART)
10.Which assessment finding supports a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis?
A. Heberden’s nodes
B. Joint hypermobility
C. Swollen metacarpophalangeal joints
D. Muscle weakness
Correct Answer: Swollen metacarpophalangeal joints
, 11.T cells, B cells, and autoantibodies may all be involved in autoimmune
diseases.
A. True
B. False
Correct Answer: True
12.Which combination best describes the manifestations of systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE)?
A. Fever, leukopenia, anemia
B. Joint stiffness and cartilage loss
C. Tissue inflammation, vasculitis, and characteristic rash
D. Muscle atrophy and neuropathy
Correct Answer: Tissue inflammation, vasculitis, and characteristic rash
13.The process by which a normal cell becomes a cancer cell is known as:
A. Apoptosis
B. Differentiation
C. Cell transformation
D. Necrosis
Correct Answer: Cell transformation
14.Which event commonly occurs during cellular reproduction, leading to the
frequent formation of isolated cancer cells?
A. Immune surveillance
B. Cell differentiation
C. Cell transformation
D. Programmed cell death
Correct Answer: Cell transformation
