MSN 570 Advanced Pathophysiology WEEK 1-5
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM PREP 2026/2027 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
United States University
WEEK 1
1. Chromosomes - ANSWER a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein
found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the
form of genes.
2. Chromatin - ANSWER DNA is combined and wrapped around histone
proteins
3. active transport - ANSWER the movement of ions or molecules across a cell
membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and
requiring energy.
4. Diffusion - ANSWER Movement of molecules from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
5. Osmosis - ANSWER diffusion of water across a selectively permeable
membrane
,6. Endocystosis - ANSWER the process during which a cell takes in a
substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane
7. Phagocytosis - ANSWER Cell eating
8. Which phase do spindle microtubules from centrioles split chromosome
pairs? (Meiosis I) - ANSWER Anaphase I
9. Gluconeogenic intermediates serves as the entry point for most glucogenic
amino acids? - ANSWER Oxaloacetate
10.Which phase do microtubules extend from the centriole spindle? (Meiosis I)
- ANSWER Metaphase I
11.During glycolysis, which enzyme converts fructose -1,6-biphosphate into
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate? - ANSWER Aldolase
12.During glycolysis, which substrate is a product of pyruvate dehydrogenase?
- ANSWER Acetyl-CoA
13.Which molecule is a substrate of the rate limiting step of the cholesterol
synthesis and also the intermediate between Acetoacetyl-CoA and
Mevalonate? - ANSWER HMG-CoA
14.Represents a step in Metaphase I regarding chromosomes? (Meiosis I) -
ANSWER Randomly align at Metaphase Plate
15.What products of glycolysis are used as a substrates to produce 2 Acetyl-
CoA and 2 NADH molecules? - ANSWER 2 Pyruvate
,16.Which process yields cellular energy from Acetyl-CoA and substrate level
phosphorylation? - ANSWER Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
17.Which of the following occurs during telophase/cytokinesis? - ANSWER
Mitosis cells ends Diploid
18.Which of the following proteins is a co-receptor to CD19 and known as the
Epstein-Barr receptor? - ANSWER CD21
19.Which of the following is is most likely associated with DNA? - ANSWER
A chromosome is packed with DNA
20.During glycolysis, which of the following substrates is a product of pyruvate
dehydrogenase - ANSWER Acetyl-Coa
21.Which of the following is is most likely associated with DNA? - ANSWER
DNA is the blue print for building an organism
22.Which of the following proteins is involved in optimizing immune
responses, present on B cells after pro-B but lost in plasma cells? -
ANSWER CD20
23.Which of the following is a B cell surface protein that provides the
costimulatory signal for isotype class switching? - ANSWER CD40
24.Which of the following is most likely a characteristic of
telophase/cytokinesis? - ANSWER Cytokinensis Divides Cells
, 25.How many FADH2 molecules does the Krebs cycle yield per molecule of
glucose? - ANSWER 2 FADH2
26.Which of the following checkpoints or phases is best known for DNA
synthesis? - ANSWER S Phase is where DNA synthesis occurs
27.Which of the following checkpoints is where the cell must be large enough
and have the machinery ready for DNA replication? - ANSWER G1 check
by Rb and p53
28.Which of the following best describes the location where anaerobic
respiration takes place? - ANSWER Anaerobic respiration takes place in the
cystsol of the cell
29.What occurs after the stop codon is recognized? - ANSWER Release factors
help help complex disassociate
30.Which of the following phonation-related structures is most likely a neural
crest derivative? - ANSWER Layngeal Cartilage
31.Which of the following is the main contributor to the synthesis of steroid
hormones, vitamin D, and to the fluidity of cell membranes? - ANSWER
cholesterol
32.Which of the following most closely refers to the uncondensed form of a
chromosome? - ANSWER Chromatin
33.Which of the following is best described by a metabolic pathway that
reduces pyruvate to ethanol or lactic acid in the absence of oxygen? -
ANSWER Fermentation
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM PREP 2026/2027 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
United States University
WEEK 1
1. Chromosomes - ANSWER a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein
found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the
form of genes.
2. Chromatin - ANSWER DNA is combined and wrapped around histone
proteins
3. active transport - ANSWER the movement of ions or molecules across a cell
membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and
requiring energy.
4. Diffusion - ANSWER Movement of molecules from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
5. Osmosis - ANSWER diffusion of water across a selectively permeable
membrane
,6. Endocystosis - ANSWER the process during which a cell takes in a
substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane
7. Phagocytosis - ANSWER Cell eating
8. Which phase do spindle microtubules from centrioles split chromosome
pairs? (Meiosis I) - ANSWER Anaphase I
9. Gluconeogenic intermediates serves as the entry point for most glucogenic
amino acids? - ANSWER Oxaloacetate
10.Which phase do microtubules extend from the centriole spindle? (Meiosis I)
- ANSWER Metaphase I
11.During glycolysis, which enzyme converts fructose -1,6-biphosphate into
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate? - ANSWER Aldolase
12.During glycolysis, which substrate is a product of pyruvate dehydrogenase?
- ANSWER Acetyl-CoA
13.Which molecule is a substrate of the rate limiting step of the cholesterol
synthesis and also the intermediate between Acetoacetyl-CoA and
Mevalonate? - ANSWER HMG-CoA
14.Represents a step in Metaphase I regarding chromosomes? (Meiosis I) -
ANSWER Randomly align at Metaphase Plate
15.What products of glycolysis are used as a substrates to produce 2 Acetyl-
CoA and 2 NADH molecules? - ANSWER 2 Pyruvate
,16.Which process yields cellular energy from Acetyl-CoA and substrate level
phosphorylation? - ANSWER Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
17.Which of the following occurs during telophase/cytokinesis? - ANSWER
Mitosis cells ends Diploid
18.Which of the following proteins is a co-receptor to CD19 and known as the
Epstein-Barr receptor? - ANSWER CD21
19.Which of the following is is most likely associated with DNA? - ANSWER
A chromosome is packed with DNA
20.During glycolysis, which of the following substrates is a product of pyruvate
dehydrogenase - ANSWER Acetyl-Coa
21.Which of the following is is most likely associated with DNA? - ANSWER
DNA is the blue print for building an organism
22.Which of the following proteins is involved in optimizing immune
responses, present on B cells after pro-B but lost in plasma cells? -
ANSWER CD20
23.Which of the following is a B cell surface protein that provides the
costimulatory signal for isotype class switching? - ANSWER CD40
24.Which of the following is most likely a characteristic of
telophase/cytokinesis? - ANSWER Cytokinensis Divides Cells
, 25.How many FADH2 molecules does the Krebs cycle yield per molecule of
glucose? - ANSWER 2 FADH2
26.Which of the following checkpoints or phases is best known for DNA
synthesis? - ANSWER S Phase is where DNA synthesis occurs
27.Which of the following checkpoints is where the cell must be large enough
and have the machinery ready for DNA replication? - ANSWER G1 check
by Rb and p53
28.Which of the following best describes the location where anaerobic
respiration takes place? - ANSWER Anaerobic respiration takes place in the
cystsol of the cell
29.What occurs after the stop codon is recognized? - ANSWER Release factors
help help complex disassociate
30.Which of the following phonation-related structures is most likely a neural
crest derivative? - ANSWER Layngeal Cartilage
31.Which of the following is the main contributor to the synthesis of steroid
hormones, vitamin D, and to the fluidity of cell membranes? - ANSWER
cholesterol
32.Which of the following most closely refers to the uncondensed form of a
chromosome? - ANSWER Chromatin
33.Which of the following is best described by a metabolic pathway that
reduces pyruvate to ethanol or lactic acid in the absence of oxygen? -
ANSWER Fermentation
