Finall Exam:l NRl 567/l NR567l (NEWl
2026/l 2027l Update)l Advancedl
Pharmacologyl forl thel AGACNPl Guidel |l
Questionsl &l Answersl |l Gradel A|l 100%l
Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-Chamberlain
QUESTION
Calcineurinl Inhibitors
Answer:
Examples:l cyclosporine,l tacrolimus
Thesel medicationsl preventl thel activationl ofl T-cellsl andl thel productionl ofl interleukin-2.
Theyl arel usedl inl organl transplantationl tol preventl rejectionl andl inl autoimmunel diseasesl
likel psoriasisl tol reducel T-cell-mediatedl inflammation.
Toxicl effectsl includel nephrotoxicity,l neurotoxicity,l hyperglycemia,l hypertension,l
hyperkalemia,l andl GIl complaints.
Providersl shouldl monitor:l --l BMPl (renall function,l glucose,l potassium)
-l CBCl (thesel medicationsl canl causel bonel marrowl suppressionl andl pancytopenia)
-l LFTsl (monitorl forl hepatotoxicity)l Plasmal drugl levelsl Signsl ofl infection
QUESTION
Proliferation-Signall Inhibitorsl (PSIs)
Answer:
Examples:l sirolimus,l everolimus
Partl ofl al newerl classl ofl immunosuppressivel agentsl referredl tol asl proliferation-signall
inhibitorsl (PSIs).
Usedl tol inhibitl B-celll proliferationl and,l therefore,l immunoglobulinl production.
Thesel medicationsl arel primarilyl usedl tol preventl organl transplantl rejectionl byl
suppressingl thel immunel responsel andl arel alsol usedl inl somel autoimmunel conditionsl
wherel reducingl B-celll activityl isl beneficial.
,Renall toxicityl isl lessl commonl withl thisl drugl class,l sol canl bel saferl thanl otherl
immunosuppressantsl tol usel inl clientsl withl poorl renall function.
Providersl shouldl monitor:
-l CBCl (thesel medicationsl canl causel bonel marrowl suppressionl andl pancytopenia)l
-l LFTsl (monitorl forl hepatotoxicity)l Lipidl profilesl (monitorl forl hyperlipidemia)
-l Plasmal drugl levelsl Signsl ofl infection
QUESTION
Proteinl Drugsl (monoclonall antibodies)
Answer:
Proteinl drugsl canl bel classifiedl asl mousel monoclonall antibodies,l humanizedl monoclonall
antibodies,l B-cell-depletingl monoclonall antibodies,l andl chimericl monoclonall antibodies.l
Mousel monoclonall antibodiesl example:l muromonabl CD3
-l Usedl tol treatl acutel transplantl rejectionl
Humanizedl monoclonall antibodiesl example:l alemtuzumabl
-l Usedl forl chronicl lymphocyticl leukemial (CLL)l andl multiplel sclerosisl (MS)l
B-celll depletingl monoclonall antibodiesl example:l rituximabl
-l Usedl forl non-Hodgkinl lymphoma,l CLL,l andl rheumatoidl arthritisl (RA)l
Chimericl monoclonall antibodiesl example:l basiliximabl
-l Usedl tol preventl acutel transplantl rejectionl inl clientsl withl kidneyl transplants.
Providersl should:
Screenl forl TBl andl varicellal orl varicellal zosterl vaccinationl priorl tol initiatingl therapyl
Monitorl CBC,l BMP,l thyroidl studies,l andl LFTsl beforel andl throughoutl therapy
QUESTION
Recombinantl Immunosuppressivel Monoclonall Antibody:l Prototype
Answer:
alemtuzumab
QUESTION
,alemtuzumab:l MOA
Answer:
bindsl tol thel CD52l antigenl foundl onl Bl andl Tl lymphocytes,l NKl cells,l monocytes,l andl
macrophagesl whichl inducesl cytolysisl ofl thesel cells,l leadingl tol lymphopenia.l
Lymphocytel depletionl helpsl modulatel immunel responsesl andl inflammationl inl
autoimmunel diseases.
QUESTION
alemtuzumab:l Indications
Answer:
CLL
Relapsing-Remittingl Multiplel Sclerosis
QUESTION
alemtuzumab:l sidel effects
Answer:
immunel disordersl
infectionsl
infusionl reactionl
bonel marrowl suppressionl
malignancies
QUESTION
alemtuzumab:l Labsl tol Monitor
Answer:
BMPl -l kidneyl functionl
CBCl -l monitorl forl infections,l anemia,l etc
LFTsl
, UAl
Thyroidl studies
QUESTION
Lithium:l Indicationsl forl BD
Answer:
Euphoricl manial
Rapidl cyclingl
Maintenancel therapy
QUESTION
Lithium:l Action
Answer:
Lithiuml altersl cationl transportl inl thel nervel andl muscle.
QUESTION
Lithium:l Adversel Effects
Answer:
GIl effectsl
Tremorl
Polyuria
Renall toxicityl
Seizuresl
Confusionl
Abnormall thyroidl function
QUESTION
2026/l 2027l Update)l Advancedl
Pharmacologyl forl thel AGACNPl Guidel |l
Questionsl &l Answersl |l Gradel A|l 100%l
Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-Chamberlain
QUESTION
Calcineurinl Inhibitors
Answer:
Examples:l cyclosporine,l tacrolimus
Thesel medicationsl preventl thel activationl ofl T-cellsl andl thel productionl ofl interleukin-2.
Theyl arel usedl inl organl transplantationl tol preventl rejectionl andl inl autoimmunel diseasesl
likel psoriasisl tol reducel T-cell-mediatedl inflammation.
Toxicl effectsl includel nephrotoxicity,l neurotoxicity,l hyperglycemia,l hypertension,l
hyperkalemia,l andl GIl complaints.
Providersl shouldl monitor:l --l BMPl (renall function,l glucose,l potassium)
-l CBCl (thesel medicationsl canl causel bonel marrowl suppressionl andl pancytopenia)
-l LFTsl (monitorl forl hepatotoxicity)l Plasmal drugl levelsl Signsl ofl infection
QUESTION
Proliferation-Signall Inhibitorsl (PSIs)
Answer:
Examples:l sirolimus,l everolimus
Partl ofl al newerl classl ofl immunosuppressivel agentsl referredl tol asl proliferation-signall
inhibitorsl (PSIs).
Usedl tol inhibitl B-celll proliferationl and,l therefore,l immunoglobulinl production.
Thesel medicationsl arel primarilyl usedl tol preventl organl transplantl rejectionl byl
suppressingl thel immunel responsel andl arel alsol usedl inl somel autoimmunel conditionsl
wherel reducingl B-celll activityl isl beneficial.
,Renall toxicityl isl lessl commonl withl thisl drugl class,l sol canl bel saferl thanl otherl
immunosuppressantsl tol usel inl clientsl withl poorl renall function.
Providersl shouldl monitor:
-l CBCl (thesel medicationsl canl causel bonel marrowl suppressionl andl pancytopenia)l
-l LFTsl (monitorl forl hepatotoxicity)l Lipidl profilesl (monitorl forl hyperlipidemia)
-l Plasmal drugl levelsl Signsl ofl infection
QUESTION
Proteinl Drugsl (monoclonall antibodies)
Answer:
Proteinl drugsl canl bel classifiedl asl mousel monoclonall antibodies,l humanizedl monoclonall
antibodies,l B-cell-depletingl monoclonall antibodies,l andl chimericl monoclonall antibodies.l
Mousel monoclonall antibodiesl example:l muromonabl CD3
-l Usedl tol treatl acutel transplantl rejectionl
Humanizedl monoclonall antibodiesl example:l alemtuzumabl
-l Usedl forl chronicl lymphocyticl leukemial (CLL)l andl multiplel sclerosisl (MS)l
B-celll depletingl monoclonall antibodiesl example:l rituximabl
-l Usedl forl non-Hodgkinl lymphoma,l CLL,l andl rheumatoidl arthritisl (RA)l
Chimericl monoclonall antibodiesl example:l basiliximabl
-l Usedl tol preventl acutel transplantl rejectionl inl clientsl withl kidneyl transplants.
Providersl should:
Screenl forl TBl andl varicellal orl varicellal zosterl vaccinationl priorl tol initiatingl therapyl
Monitorl CBC,l BMP,l thyroidl studies,l andl LFTsl beforel andl throughoutl therapy
QUESTION
Recombinantl Immunosuppressivel Monoclonall Antibody:l Prototype
Answer:
alemtuzumab
QUESTION
,alemtuzumab:l MOA
Answer:
bindsl tol thel CD52l antigenl foundl onl Bl andl Tl lymphocytes,l NKl cells,l monocytes,l andl
macrophagesl whichl inducesl cytolysisl ofl thesel cells,l leadingl tol lymphopenia.l
Lymphocytel depletionl helpsl modulatel immunel responsesl andl inflammationl inl
autoimmunel diseases.
QUESTION
alemtuzumab:l Indications
Answer:
CLL
Relapsing-Remittingl Multiplel Sclerosis
QUESTION
alemtuzumab:l sidel effects
Answer:
immunel disordersl
infectionsl
infusionl reactionl
bonel marrowl suppressionl
malignancies
QUESTION
alemtuzumab:l Labsl tol Monitor
Answer:
BMPl -l kidneyl functionl
CBCl -l monitorl forl infections,l anemia,l etc
LFTsl
, UAl
Thyroidl studies
QUESTION
Lithium:l Indicationsl forl BD
Answer:
Euphoricl manial
Rapidl cyclingl
Maintenancel therapy
QUESTION
Lithium:l Action
Answer:
Lithiuml altersl cationl transportl inl thel nervel andl muscle.
QUESTION
Lithium:l Adversel Effects
Answer:
GIl effectsl
Tremorl
Polyuria
Renall toxicityl
Seizuresl
Confusionl
Abnormall thyroidl function
QUESTION
