TEST BANK for Community/Public Health Nursing (8th Edition) by Mary A. Nies & Melanie McEwen – Complete Exam Guide with Detailed Rationales | ISBN: 9780323795319

TESTBANKforCommunityPublicHealthNursing 8TH
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Edition by Mary
A.Nies,MelanieMcEwen|CompleteGuideWITH
RATIONALES
Chapter 01: Health: A Community View
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MULTIPLE CHOICE


1. Which best describes theprimary reason that Americans are concerned about health care?
a. Politicians are discussinghowto improve health care.
b. Themedia has provided mixed messages about the health care system.
c. Our national health care costs keep increasing.
d. Thenewhealth care system offers free services to Americans.
ANS: C
The primary reason for the focus on health care is the constantly increasing
costs, which cannot be sustained. The costs of caring for the sick accounted for the majority of
escalating health care dollars, which increased from 5.7% of the gross domestic
product in 1965 to 17.8% in 2015. Politicians and the media both influence Americans‘
perceptions about health care; however, they are not the primary reason why Americans are
concerned. The new health care system will change the health care access and
availability, but will not necessarily be offering any free services to Americans.


DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)

2. A nurse has begun to lobby with politiciansfor changes tothe health care system. Why is
this involvement important?
a. Nurses, ascentral characters in several popular TV series, are currently very
visible in American m e d iNa. Q
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b. Nurses are primarily responsible for m the variousunits inourhealth
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care system.
c. Nursesare the largest segment of health care providers.
d. Nursesare the only group that is employed both inside and outside of hospitals.
ANS: C

As the largest segment of health care providers, nurses are informed about the current health care
system and all the problems that result from people not seeking care until they
are desperately ill. Nurses, as the American Nurses Association (ANA) emphasize,
usually believe that health care is a right, not a privilege. Therefore, nurses, whose work is
central to our current health care delivery system, can also be instrumental in
working politically to create a health care delivery system that will meet health needs. While

,nurses are in several current TV series and are employed both inside and outside of hospitals,
physicians and other health care providers are as well. Nurses are often managers, but managers
often have other backgrounds, such as business administration.

, DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
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3. What conclusion can be drawn from examining where nurses are employed?
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a. There is a trend toward consolidation of health care into large central
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medical centers.
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b. There is an increased emphasis on community-based health care.
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c. There is an obvious need to decrease health care costs by cutting positions.
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d. Managed care organizations (MCOs) are employing nurses to improve customer
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, relations.
ANS: B Q,




MCOs are employing nurses in many capacities. Although hospitals are closing and acute care is
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increasingly found in central medical centers, the same trend may be seen in an increase in
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neighborhood-based practice centers. While positions are cut in most industries, health care is
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recognized as an area where growth in employment is expected. However, nurses
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are increasingly employed in community settings as opposed to hospitals. This change reflects
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the move toward community-based care rather than hospital-based tertiary care. To help
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decrease the continued rise in health care costs, the increased emphasis is on disease
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prevention rather than high-cost treatment.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) Q, Q, Q,




4. Which ethical belief would be most helpful in the current health care crisis?
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a. Emphasis should be on individual and corporation freedom in the marketplace. Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q,




b. Emphasis should be on individual autonomy and freedom of choice. Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q,




c. Emphasis should be on social justice and collective responsibility. Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q,




d. Emphasis should be on the effectiveness of technology in resolving problems. Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q,




ANS: C Q,




Public health recognizes the necessity of collective action in keeping the environment safe and in
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egalitarian tradition and vision. An overinvestment in technology and seeking of
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cures within the market justice system has stifled the evolution of a health system to protect
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and preserve the health of the population. Although individual autonomy and freedom of
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choice are important, so is the recognition of collective responsibility in ensuring
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social justice, which entitles all people to basic necessities.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) Q, Q, Q,




5. What is the primary problem seen in Healthy People 2020’s emphasis on choosing
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Q, healthy lifestyle behaviors, such as daily exercise or healthy food choices?
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a. Emphasis on other lifestyle choices, such as not smoking and minimal use of Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q, Q,




Q, alcohol or drugs, is also needed. Q, Q, Q, Q, Q,




b. All of us must work together to make unhealthy behaviors socially unacceptable.
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c. It costs more to make healthy choices, such as buying and eating fresh fruits
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Q, and vegetables as opposed to quick and cheap fast-food choices.
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d. Public policy emphasizes personal responsibility but ignores social and
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Q, environmental changes needed for well-being. Q, Q, Q, Q,




ANS: D Q,




Although all responses are accurate, the primary problem is the emphasis on personal choices in
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the Healthy People 2020 objectives. Emphasis on personal choices ignores the need for
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community responsibility and action that addresses environmental or cultural
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restraints to health.
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