NUR 265 / NUR265 EXAM 4 | ADVANCED
CONCEPTS IN MEDICAL-SURGICAL
NURSING | EXAM 4 | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS RATED A+ | 2026/2027
1. The nurse working in the ED is triaging a client who has presented with chest pain,
shortness of breath, a productive cough, and reports night sweats. The client’s health
history includes the presence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and a
recent lab result that reveals a low CD4+ count. Airborne precautions have been
initiated. Which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
o Assess the client for shingles
o Obtain a throat culture
o Check the client’s temperature
o Prepare the client for insertion of a chest tube
2. The newly hired nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has acquired
immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and was just diagnosed with Pneumocystis jiroveci
pneumonia (PJP) and pain. Which of the following interventions should the nurse
preceptor question?
o Instruct the client to drink at least two to three litres of fluid
throughout the dayp354
o Telling the client to keep the door to the room closed at all
times??????
, NUR 265 – EXAM 4
o Offering the client foods high in calories and protein p354
o Placing the client on a pressure-relieving mattress p353
3. The nurse is caring for a client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) who
has just been diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take?
o Administer IV pentamidine isethionate o Thicken the client’s
liquids to honey consistency o Initiate seizure precautions with
padded siderails o Initiate airborne precautions for the next 72
hours
4. The nurse has provided medication instructions to a client who has HIV and has been
prescribed combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Which of the following client
statements indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?
o I am less likely to develop opportunistic infections once I begin
taking my prescribed medications
o I can avoid developing drug resistance if I take 90% of my drugs on
time
o I should discontinue my medication if I develop severe diarrhea
o I understand that this combination of drugs will kill the virus
5. The nurse working in a community health center has instructed a group of clients who
have acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) about ways to prevent infection.
Which of the following statements, if made by a client, would indicate the need for
additional teaching?
o I will eat plenty of fresh fruits and raw vegetables
o
, o I will wear gloves and then wash my hands immediately if I need to
change my cats litter box
o I will make sure no one uses my deodorant or toothpaste
o I will avoid planting vegetables and flowers in our garden
6. The nurse is precepting a newly hired nurse who is caring for a client who has acquired
immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and has developed Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS). It
requires additional teaching by the preceptor if the newly hired nurse
o Inspects the clients mouth at least once every 8 hours
o Keeps open, weeping lesions clean and covered with prescribed
dressing
o Applies a surgical mask before entering the client’s room
o Instructs the client that make-up can be applied to lesions that are
not open
7. The nurse is caring for a client who had a heart transplant 24 hours ago. Which of the
following findings indicated the client is developing a complication?
o Facial flushing
o Abdominal distention
o Hypertension
o Prothrombin time (PT) of 11 seconds
8. The nurse is caring for a client who had a lung transplant 10 days ago. It would be a
priority for the nurse to notify the PHCP if the client has
o A pain rating of “7” when taking a deep breath
o Only used the inventive spirometer once since last evening
CONCEPTS IN MEDICAL-SURGICAL
NURSING | EXAM 4 | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS RATED A+ | 2026/2027
1. The nurse working in the ED is triaging a client who has presented with chest pain,
shortness of breath, a productive cough, and reports night sweats. The client’s health
history includes the presence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and a
recent lab result that reveals a low CD4+ count. Airborne precautions have been
initiated. Which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
o Assess the client for shingles
o Obtain a throat culture
o Check the client’s temperature
o Prepare the client for insertion of a chest tube
2. The newly hired nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has acquired
immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and was just diagnosed with Pneumocystis jiroveci
pneumonia (PJP) and pain. Which of the following interventions should the nurse
preceptor question?
o Instruct the client to drink at least two to three litres of fluid
throughout the dayp354
o Telling the client to keep the door to the room closed at all
times??????
, NUR 265 – EXAM 4
o Offering the client foods high in calories and protein p354
o Placing the client on a pressure-relieving mattress p353
3. The nurse is caring for a client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) who
has just been diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take?
o Administer IV pentamidine isethionate o Thicken the client’s
liquids to honey consistency o Initiate seizure precautions with
padded siderails o Initiate airborne precautions for the next 72
hours
4. The nurse has provided medication instructions to a client who has HIV and has been
prescribed combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Which of the following client
statements indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?
o I am less likely to develop opportunistic infections once I begin
taking my prescribed medications
o I can avoid developing drug resistance if I take 90% of my drugs on
time
o I should discontinue my medication if I develop severe diarrhea
o I understand that this combination of drugs will kill the virus
5. The nurse working in a community health center has instructed a group of clients who
have acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) about ways to prevent infection.
Which of the following statements, if made by a client, would indicate the need for
additional teaching?
o I will eat plenty of fresh fruits and raw vegetables
o
, o I will wear gloves and then wash my hands immediately if I need to
change my cats litter box
o I will make sure no one uses my deodorant or toothpaste
o I will avoid planting vegetables and flowers in our garden
6. The nurse is precepting a newly hired nurse who is caring for a client who has acquired
immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and has developed Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS). It
requires additional teaching by the preceptor if the newly hired nurse
o Inspects the clients mouth at least once every 8 hours
o Keeps open, weeping lesions clean and covered with prescribed
dressing
o Applies a surgical mask before entering the client’s room
o Instructs the client that make-up can be applied to lesions that are
not open
7. The nurse is caring for a client who had a heart transplant 24 hours ago. Which of the
following findings indicated the client is developing a complication?
o Facial flushing
o Abdominal distention
o Hypertension
o Prothrombin time (PT) of 11 seconds
8. The nurse is caring for a client who had a lung transplant 10 days ago. It would be a
priority for the nurse to notify the PHCP if the client has
o A pain rating of “7” when taking a deep breath
o Only used the inventive spirometer once since last evening
