FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
(GALEN COLLEGE OF NURSING)
EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWERS
Fowler's position - CORRECT ANSWER a semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is
raised between 45 and 60 degrees
Semi-Fowler's Position - CORRECT ANSWER the head of the bed is raised 30
degrees; or the head of the bed is raised 30 degrees and the knee portion is raised 15
degrees
trapeze bar - CORRECT ANSWER Metal triangular-shaped bar that can be suspended
over a patient's bed from an overhanging frame; permits patients to move up and down
in bed while in traction or some other encumbrance.
function of skin - CORRECT ANSWER protection, sensation, temperature regulation,
excretion and secretion
muscoskeletal system - CORRECT ANSWER bones, joints, muscles, framework of
body giving shape, ability to move and protection,
Pressure ulcer risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER Immobility
Incontinence
Diaphoresis
Inadequate nutrition
Lowered mental awareness
Excessive diaphoresis
Extreme age
Edema
skin and pressure ulcers - CORRECT ANSWER Assessment, Braden scale , caused
by circulatory comp. , reactive hyperemia Vs. pressure ulcers
Skin changes with aging - CORRECT ANSWER loss of elastic fibers , loss of collagen ,
decreased sebaceous activity , altered temperature control, Hair & Nails
structure of skin - CORRECT ANSWER epidermis and dermis
Eye Care - CORRECT ANSWER minimal care and unconscious clients
, Foot (nail) Care - CORRECT ANSWER inspect and clean daily / Dry well
Hair care - CORRECT ANSWER Brushing and combing
Oral Care - CORRECT ANSWER Raise the head of the bed to 45-90 degrees
Perineal care - CORRECT ANSWER wipe front to back
Back massage - CORRECT ANSWER communicates caring, fosters trust between
nurse and patient relationships
Bathing older patients - CORRECT ANSWER Don't need bath's daily - use warm water
not hot - use soap sparingly
Types of baths - CORRECT ANSWER Cleansing + therapeutic - whirlpool sitz sponge
bath
purpose of bathing - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Cleanse the skin
2) promote comfort
3) stimulate circulation
4) remove waste products
Hygiene - CORRECT ANSWER proper skin care, hair, teeth, nails, protecting the body
from infections & disease
what should a nurse do or not do? - CORRECT ANSWER Do not massage reddened
skin over bony prominence, Avoid skin injury by friction & shear
prevention is key - CORRECT ANSWER reposition every 2 HR , float heels , use
trapeze , use pressure reducing device, shift weight 15 minutes to every 1 hr if possible
Changes occurring to age - CORRECT ANSWER less bone mass, loss of bone
density, muscle cells are lost, elasticity of muscle fibers is decreased
Principles of body movement - CORRECT ANSWER use the greatest # of muscles
possible
Moving and lifting patients - CORRECT ANSWER keep elbows and work close to your
body
pressure ulcer - CORRECT ANSWER Decubitus ulcers bedsores
Positioning - CORRECT ANSWER Provides comfort, relives pressure on bony
prominence, prevents contractures
(GALEN COLLEGE OF NURSING)
EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWERS
Fowler's position - CORRECT ANSWER a semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is
raised between 45 and 60 degrees
Semi-Fowler's Position - CORRECT ANSWER the head of the bed is raised 30
degrees; or the head of the bed is raised 30 degrees and the knee portion is raised 15
degrees
trapeze bar - CORRECT ANSWER Metal triangular-shaped bar that can be suspended
over a patient's bed from an overhanging frame; permits patients to move up and down
in bed while in traction or some other encumbrance.
function of skin - CORRECT ANSWER protection, sensation, temperature regulation,
excretion and secretion
muscoskeletal system - CORRECT ANSWER bones, joints, muscles, framework of
body giving shape, ability to move and protection,
Pressure ulcer risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER Immobility
Incontinence
Diaphoresis
Inadequate nutrition
Lowered mental awareness
Excessive diaphoresis
Extreme age
Edema
skin and pressure ulcers - CORRECT ANSWER Assessment, Braden scale , caused
by circulatory comp. , reactive hyperemia Vs. pressure ulcers
Skin changes with aging - CORRECT ANSWER loss of elastic fibers , loss of collagen ,
decreased sebaceous activity , altered temperature control, Hair & Nails
structure of skin - CORRECT ANSWER epidermis and dermis
Eye Care - CORRECT ANSWER minimal care and unconscious clients
, Foot (nail) Care - CORRECT ANSWER inspect and clean daily / Dry well
Hair care - CORRECT ANSWER Brushing and combing
Oral Care - CORRECT ANSWER Raise the head of the bed to 45-90 degrees
Perineal care - CORRECT ANSWER wipe front to back
Back massage - CORRECT ANSWER communicates caring, fosters trust between
nurse and patient relationships
Bathing older patients - CORRECT ANSWER Don't need bath's daily - use warm water
not hot - use soap sparingly
Types of baths - CORRECT ANSWER Cleansing + therapeutic - whirlpool sitz sponge
bath
purpose of bathing - CORRECT ANSWER 1) Cleanse the skin
2) promote comfort
3) stimulate circulation
4) remove waste products
Hygiene - CORRECT ANSWER proper skin care, hair, teeth, nails, protecting the body
from infections & disease
what should a nurse do or not do? - CORRECT ANSWER Do not massage reddened
skin over bony prominence, Avoid skin injury by friction & shear
prevention is key - CORRECT ANSWER reposition every 2 HR , float heels , use
trapeze , use pressure reducing device, shift weight 15 minutes to every 1 hr if possible
Changes occurring to age - CORRECT ANSWER less bone mass, loss of bone
density, muscle cells are lost, elasticity of muscle fibers is decreased
Principles of body movement - CORRECT ANSWER use the greatest # of muscles
possible
Moving and lifting patients - CORRECT ANSWER keep elbows and work close to your
body
pressure ulcer - CORRECT ANSWER Decubitus ulcers bedsores
Positioning - CORRECT ANSWER Provides comfort, relives pressure on bony
prominence, prevents contractures
