NEWEST CCDS IBHRE EXAM WITH REAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS (FULL REVISED
EXAM) LATEST UPDATES
What |is |the |suggested |type |of |antibiotics? |- |ANSWER: |Beta-Lactam |antibiotics,
|vancomycin |reserved |for |those |with |penicillin |allerigies
What |lead |insulation |material |best |reduces |ingrowth? |- |ANSWER: |.ePTFE
Which |lead |insulation |material |is |most |susceptible |to |metal |ion |oxidation |(MIO) |and
|environmental |stress |cracking |(ESC) |- |ANSWER: |Poly |80A
ESC |and |MIO |- |ANSWER: |Environmental |Stress |Cracking
Metal |Ion |Oxidation
Pros/Cons |of |Silicone |Leads |- |ANSWER: |Pros: |Longevity, |flexible, |repairable
Cons: |Tacky, |thick, |easily |damaged
Most |common |cause |of |Ventricular |Safety |Pacing? |- |ANSWER: |Ventricular |Ectopy
Which |electrode |material |is |bad? |- |ANSWER: |Elgiloy
Cardiac |action |potential:
0-4 |- |ANSWER: |0 |- |depolarization |(Ca+ |and |Na+ |rush |in)
1 |- |Na+ |channels |close
2 |- |Slow |Ca+ |channels |
3 |- |fast |K+ |channels
4 |- |alert
Cardiac |Tissue |is |(-) |at |rest |and |(+) |at |contraction
0 |- |Na |channels |are |open
1 |- |K |channels |open |and |start |repolarization
2 |- |Ca |channels |open |and |delay |repolarization
3 |- |Ca |channels |close
4 |- |Rest
Cardiac |cells |are |______________ |charged |at |rest |- |ANSWER: |Negatively
Conductor |Types |- |ANSWER: |DFT |(Drawn |Filled |Tube) |and |DBS |(Brawn |Brazed
|Strand)
Components |of |DFT |and |DBS |conductors |- |ANSWER: |Silver |and |MP35N
Best |type |of |capacitor |- |ANSWER: |Tantalum |Electrolytic
,Describe |the |depletion |Lithium |Silver |Vanadium |Oxide |battery |- |ANSWER:
|Predictable, |3 |plateaus |in |discharge |curve
Common |battery |type |for |ppm? |ICD? |- |ANSWER: |Ppm |- |Lithium |Iodide
ICD |- |Lithium |Silver |vanadium |oxide
1 |Hz |= |___________ |bpm |- |ANSWER: |60
100 |bpm |= |_________ |Hz |- |ANSWER: |1.67
Battery |components:
Capacitor |- |
Reed |Switch |- |
Diode |- |
Resistor |- |
Rectifier |- |- |ANSWER: |Cap |- |stores |electrical |charge
Reed |- |switches |ppm |to |Magnet |mode
Diode |- |ensures |one |way |flow |of |current
Resistor |- |restricts |current |flow
rectifier |- |creates |all |pos |or |all |neg |signals
Voltage |of |PPM |battery? |- |ANSWER: |2.8V
Voltage |of |ICD |battery? |- |ANSWER: |3.2V
Types |of |Sensors: |Open |Loop |- |ANSWER: |Only |takes |in |positive |feedback; |ex:
|piezoelectric |sensor |senses |movement |-> |increased |rate |until |no |more |sensed
|movement
Types |of |sensor: |closed |loop |- |ANSWER: |More |physiologic |than |open |loop; |rate
|changes |in |response |to |physiologic |change |-> |rate |stays |until |physiologic |state
|indicates |it |needs |to |slow |(ex: |02 |sats)
Types |of |Sensors: |Primary |- |ANSWER: |Detects |changes |that |normal |effect |the |sinus
|node |(02 |sats, |myocardial |contractilty)
Types |of |sensors: |Secondary |- |ANSWER: |Detects |internal |changes |that |result |from
|exercise
Types |of |sensors: |Tertiary |- |ANSWER: |Detects |external |changes |as |a |result |of
|exercise |(piezoelectric, |accelerometer)
Describe |acute |threshold |graph |of |steroid |eluting |lead |VS |polished |platinum |post
|implat |- |ANSWER: |Steroid: |low |threshold |and |not |much |change
polished |platinum: |bad. |High |threshold, |acute |rise, |then |chronic |high |threshold
What |creates |a |higher |current |density? |- |ANSWER: |Smaller |pacing |cathode
, Anode |must |be |atleast |_____ |times |_______ |than |cathode |- |ANSWER: |3x |Larger
ohms |law |- |ANSWER: |V=IR
Most |common |electrolyte |abnormality |to |cause |LOC? |- |ANSWER: |Hyperkalemia
Effects |of |Hyperkalemia |- |ANSWER: |Increase |in |threshold, |wide |paced |complex,
|latency, |peaked |T |wave
Effects |of |Hypokalemia |- |ANSWER: |Irratble |foci, |R |on |T, |Torsades
Equation |for |current |drain |- |ANSWER: |Time |= |Battery |capacity |/ |current |drain
Time |= |AmpHour/amperes |= |Hours
Micro |units |- |ANSWER: |10^-6
BOL
ERI
EOS |- |ANSWER: |Beginning |of |Life
Elective |Replacement |Indicator
End |of |Service
Cardiac |cell |charge |and |electrolyte |membrane |potential |at |rest |- |ANSWER: |Charge:
|~(-90mV) |inside |of |cell
Membrane: |Na+ |outside;
Cardiac |action |potentials |- |ANSWER: |0 |- |depolarization; |Rapid |Na+ |influx
1 |- |early |rapid |depolarization; |Na+ |influx |STOPS, |
2 |- |Plateau |phase; |Ca+ |enters
3 |- |Rapid |depolarization; |K+ |outflux |and |Ca+ |channels |close
4 |- |alert
Preferred |Peak |to |Peak |for |P |and |R |waves |- |ANSWER: |P |waves: |>2mV
R |waves: |>5mV
Preferred |slew |rate |for |P |and |R |waves |- |ANSWER: |P |waves: |> |.5 |V/s
R |waves: |> |.75V/s
Co- |Axial |VS |Co-radial |conductor |types |- |ANSWER: |Co |- |Axial: |One |conductor |coil
|inside |the |other
Co |- |radial: |Two |coils |overlayed |around |the |radius |of |lead
S1
S2 |- |ANSWER: |S1: |Drive |train
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS (FULL REVISED
EXAM) LATEST UPDATES
What |is |the |suggested |type |of |antibiotics? |- |ANSWER: |Beta-Lactam |antibiotics,
|vancomycin |reserved |for |those |with |penicillin |allerigies
What |lead |insulation |material |best |reduces |ingrowth? |- |ANSWER: |.ePTFE
Which |lead |insulation |material |is |most |susceptible |to |metal |ion |oxidation |(MIO) |and
|environmental |stress |cracking |(ESC) |- |ANSWER: |Poly |80A
ESC |and |MIO |- |ANSWER: |Environmental |Stress |Cracking
Metal |Ion |Oxidation
Pros/Cons |of |Silicone |Leads |- |ANSWER: |Pros: |Longevity, |flexible, |repairable
Cons: |Tacky, |thick, |easily |damaged
Most |common |cause |of |Ventricular |Safety |Pacing? |- |ANSWER: |Ventricular |Ectopy
Which |electrode |material |is |bad? |- |ANSWER: |Elgiloy
Cardiac |action |potential:
0-4 |- |ANSWER: |0 |- |depolarization |(Ca+ |and |Na+ |rush |in)
1 |- |Na+ |channels |close
2 |- |Slow |Ca+ |channels |
3 |- |fast |K+ |channels
4 |- |alert
Cardiac |Tissue |is |(-) |at |rest |and |(+) |at |contraction
0 |- |Na |channels |are |open
1 |- |K |channels |open |and |start |repolarization
2 |- |Ca |channels |open |and |delay |repolarization
3 |- |Ca |channels |close
4 |- |Rest
Cardiac |cells |are |______________ |charged |at |rest |- |ANSWER: |Negatively
Conductor |Types |- |ANSWER: |DFT |(Drawn |Filled |Tube) |and |DBS |(Brawn |Brazed
|Strand)
Components |of |DFT |and |DBS |conductors |- |ANSWER: |Silver |and |MP35N
Best |type |of |capacitor |- |ANSWER: |Tantalum |Electrolytic
,Describe |the |depletion |Lithium |Silver |Vanadium |Oxide |battery |- |ANSWER:
|Predictable, |3 |plateaus |in |discharge |curve
Common |battery |type |for |ppm? |ICD? |- |ANSWER: |Ppm |- |Lithium |Iodide
ICD |- |Lithium |Silver |vanadium |oxide
1 |Hz |= |___________ |bpm |- |ANSWER: |60
100 |bpm |= |_________ |Hz |- |ANSWER: |1.67
Battery |components:
Capacitor |- |
Reed |Switch |- |
Diode |- |
Resistor |- |
Rectifier |- |- |ANSWER: |Cap |- |stores |electrical |charge
Reed |- |switches |ppm |to |Magnet |mode
Diode |- |ensures |one |way |flow |of |current
Resistor |- |restricts |current |flow
rectifier |- |creates |all |pos |or |all |neg |signals
Voltage |of |PPM |battery? |- |ANSWER: |2.8V
Voltage |of |ICD |battery? |- |ANSWER: |3.2V
Types |of |Sensors: |Open |Loop |- |ANSWER: |Only |takes |in |positive |feedback; |ex:
|piezoelectric |sensor |senses |movement |-> |increased |rate |until |no |more |sensed
|movement
Types |of |sensor: |closed |loop |- |ANSWER: |More |physiologic |than |open |loop; |rate
|changes |in |response |to |physiologic |change |-> |rate |stays |until |physiologic |state
|indicates |it |needs |to |slow |(ex: |02 |sats)
Types |of |Sensors: |Primary |- |ANSWER: |Detects |changes |that |normal |effect |the |sinus
|node |(02 |sats, |myocardial |contractilty)
Types |of |sensors: |Secondary |- |ANSWER: |Detects |internal |changes |that |result |from
|exercise
Types |of |sensors: |Tertiary |- |ANSWER: |Detects |external |changes |as |a |result |of
|exercise |(piezoelectric, |accelerometer)
Describe |acute |threshold |graph |of |steroid |eluting |lead |VS |polished |platinum |post
|implat |- |ANSWER: |Steroid: |low |threshold |and |not |much |change
polished |platinum: |bad. |High |threshold, |acute |rise, |then |chronic |high |threshold
What |creates |a |higher |current |density? |- |ANSWER: |Smaller |pacing |cathode
, Anode |must |be |atleast |_____ |times |_______ |than |cathode |- |ANSWER: |3x |Larger
ohms |law |- |ANSWER: |V=IR
Most |common |electrolyte |abnormality |to |cause |LOC? |- |ANSWER: |Hyperkalemia
Effects |of |Hyperkalemia |- |ANSWER: |Increase |in |threshold, |wide |paced |complex,
|latency, |peaked |T |wave
Effects |of |Hypokalemia |- |ANSWER: |Irratble |foci, |R |on |T, |Torsades
Equation |for |current |drain |- |ANSWER: |Time |= |Battery |capacity |/ |current |drain
Time |= |AmpHour/amperes |= |Hours
Micro |units |- |ANSWER: |10^-6
BOL
ERI
EOS |- |ANSWER: |Beginning |of |Life
Elective |Replacement |Indicator
End |of |Service
Cardiac |cell |charge |and |electrolyte |membrane |potential |at |rest |- |ANSWER: |Charge:
|~(-90mV) |inside |of |cell
Membrane: |Na+ |outside;
Cardiac |action |potentials |- |ANSWER: |0 |- |depolarization; |Rapid |Na+ |influx
1 |- |early |rapid |depolarization; |Na+ |influx |STOPS, |
2 |- |Plateau |phase; |Ca+ |enters
3 |- |Rapid |depolarization; |K+ |outflux |and |Ca+ |channels |close
4 |- |alert
Preferred |Peak |to |Peak |for |P |and |R |waves |- |ANSWER: |P |waves: |>2mV
R |waves: |>5mV
Preferred |slew |rate |for |P |and |R |waves |- |ANSWER: |P |waves: |> |.5 |V/s
R |waves: |> |.75V/s
Co- |Axial |VS |Co-radial |conductor |types |- |ANSWER: |Co |- |Axial: |One |conductor |coil
|inside |the |other
Co |- |radial: |Two |coils |overlayed |around |the |radius |of |lead
S1
S2 |- |ANSWER: |S1: |Drive |train
