Prevention of Acute renal failure
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- Medications: aminoglycosides, gentamicin, tobramycin, etc
- NSAIDs: may cause interstitial nephritis
- Contrast dye: limit exposure, N-acetylcysteine and sodium bicarbonate
before and during procedures.
- Dehydration: make fluids available to elderly
- Bowel preps: watching for dehydration
,Acute and Chronic causes of the 4 imbalances: Respiratory Acidosis
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- Hypoventilation- inadequate excretion of CO2, High CO2 levels
- Acute pulmonary edema, Severe pneumonia, and acute respiratory
distress syndrome
- Chronic hypercapnia- excessive CO2 in the blood
- Chemoreceptors in your brain alerted to elevated CO2- Ventilation
Hepatitis E Prevention
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- Immunoglobin and hand hygiene, get Hep A and Hep B vaccines and use
condoms.
- Don’t share needles
Hepatitis E S/S
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S/S:
- abrupt onset
- jaundice
- anorexia
- nausea
- vomiting
- Dangerous or fatal in pregnant women
,Hepatitis A Prevention
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- Vaccine- 2 doses (6-12 months apart) and hand hygiene
Advantages of Peritoneal Dialysis
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- No vascular access
- Less diet and fluid restriction
- Better BP control
- Can be done at home
- Less cardiovascular problem and easier to manage with diabetes patients
Clinical manifestations of the 4 imbalances: Metabolic Alkalosis
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- Hypercalcemia
- Hypertonic muscles
- Depressed respirations
- Hypokalemia
- Decreased motility and paralytic ileus
- Potassium decreases- PVCs or U waves are seen on ECCG
Cirrhosis pathophysiology
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- Late-stage liver disease healthy tissue liver is replaced with scar tissue
and the liver is permanently damaged.
- Scar tissue blocks the flow of blood through the liver and slows the liver's
ability to process everything and reduces the production of proteins and
other substances.
Hepatitis D Medication Treatment
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- Interventions: Interferon alfa is the only licensed drug to treat HDV. High-
dose, long duration therapy for at least a year
Hepatitis A Medication treatment
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- Intervention: Bed rest, small feedings and frequent, IV fluids with glucose,
Physical activity restrictions but ambulation is encouraged.
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) S/S Diuretic phase:
Give this one a try later!
Give this one a try later!
- Medications: aminoglycosides, gentamicin, tobramycin, etc
- NSAIDs: may cause interstitial nephritis
- Contrast dye: limit exposure, N-acetylcysteine and sodium bicarbonate
before and during procedures.
- Dehydration: make fluids available to elderly
- Bowel preps: watching for dehydration
,Acute and Chronic causes of the 4 imbalances: Respiratory Acidosis
Give this one a try later!
- Hypoventilation- inadequate excretion of CO2, High CO2 levels
- Acute pulmonary edema, Severe pneumonia, and acute respiratory
distress syndrome
- Chronic hypercapnia- excessive CO2 in the blood
- Chemoreceptors in your brain alerted to elevated CO2- Ventilation
Hepatitis E Prevention
Give this one a try later!
- Immunoglobin and hand hygiene, get Hep A and Hep B vaccines and use
condoms.
- Don’t share needles
Hepatitis E S/S
Give this one a try later!
S/S:
- abrupt onset
- jaundice
- anorexia
- nausea
- vomiting
- Dangerous or fatal in pregnant women
,Hepatitis A Prevention
Give this one a try later!
- Vaccine- 2 doses (6-12 months apart) and hand hygiene
Advantages of Peritoneal Dialysis
Give this one a try later!
- No vascular access
- Less diet and fluid restriction
- Better BP control
- Can be done at home
- Less cardiovascular problem and easier to manage with diabetes patients
Clinical manifestations of the 4 imbalances: Metabolic Alkalosis
Give this one a try later!
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypertonic muscles
- Depressed respirations
- Hypokalemia
- Decreased motility and paralytic ileus
- Potassium decreases- PVCs or U waves are seen on ECCG
Cirrhosis pathophysiology
, Give this one a try later!
- Late-stage liver disease healthy tissue liver is replaced with scar tissue
and the liver is permanently damaged.
- Scar tissue blocks the flow of blood through the liver and slows the liver's
ability to process everything and reduces the production of proteins and
other substances.
Hepatitis D Medication Treatment
Give this one a try later!
- Interventions: Interferon alfa is the only licensed drug to treat HDV. High-
dose, long duration therapy for at least a year
Hepatitis A Medication treatment
Give this one a try later!
- Intervention: Bed rest, small feedings and frequent, IV fluids with glucose,
Physical activity restrictions but ambulation is encouraged.
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) S/S Diuretic phase:
Give this one a try later!
